Category: Design

The theory of Divine Origin, though one of the earliest, has a simple explanation to offer. It is a theory of political authority and not a theory of the origin of the State.The State, its advocates maintain, was created by God and governed by His deputy or Vice-regent. It was His will that men should live in the world in a state of political society and He sent His deputy to rule over them.The ruler was a divinely appointed agent and he was responsible for his actions to God alone. As the ruler was the deputy of God, obedience to him was held to be a religious duty and resistance a sin. The advocates of the Divine Origin Theory, in this way, placed the ruler above the people as well…

Short Paragraph on Fundamental Duties – There can be no rights without duties. Perhaps the legislators had that in mind when they introduced Article 51A and Part IVA into the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976.The provision enumerates Fundamental Duties, which although unenforceable in the courts of law are still useful in judicial construction of such legal provisions that admit of two constructions. There are 11 clauses from (a) to (k) in Article 51A. Till 2002, there were 10 fundamental duties but then by 86th Constitution Amendment, 2002 clause (k) was added. The newly added provision deals with the duty of a guardian or parent to provide the education to his child from 6 years of age till the time he or she turns 14. Though fundamental rights are…

Short Essay on Human Rights – Human Rights are those rights without which life with human dignity has no meaning, which explains why these rights are considered to be the very basic legal rights internationally.These rights relate to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual.Our Constitution guarantees these rights and the Supreme Court has ruled that wherever the Constitution is silent and the legislature has not made a law, those International Covenants to which India is a signatory may be enforced through the courts so far as they are consistent with the law of the land. These treaties and covenants may also be taken help of in statutory construction. Image Source: 185.26.182.219 ADVERTISEMENTS: The framers of the Constitution of India incorporated all basic human rights as Fundamental Rights and…

Free sample essay on The Public Parks. In the past there was far more open space for playing for children and playgrounds were aplenty. It was a time when there was minimum construction work and towns and cities did not suffer for want of fresh air.The air was unpolluted as vehicles running on the road were far less than now. There was no toxic vapor let into the air as now, as factories were far less before. People could sit on the pails of their houses and enjoy good breeze, chit­chatting. It was a time of leisure and streets were lined with massive trees. Streets were shady and it was a great pleasure to take a walk in the evening or morning.Now most of the places are congested with people…

The International Space Station (ISS) is a research facility which is being assembled in Low Earth Orbit. Construction of the station began in 1998, and is scheduled to be complete by 2011. Operations will continue until 2015. At present, the ISS is the largest artificial satellite in Earth orbit. It is bigger than any previous space station. The ISS program is a joint effort by the space agencies of the United States (NASA), Russia, Japan, Canada and ten European nations through the European Space Agency. As the space station is in a Low Earth Orbit, it is visible to the naked eye. It orbits at an altitude of approximately 350 km above the surface of the Earth, clocking an average speed of 27,700 kilometers (17,210 mi) per hour and completing…

In 1962, a bill to establish a commercial communication satellite system available to governments around the world was passed by the United States Congress.The bill established a Communications Satellite Corporation, or Combat, a unique private corporation. By August 1964, the International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium (INTELSAT) came into existence. ADVERTISEMENTS: INTELSAT was the first truly global effort at uniting the world via communications from space. In 1964, 14 nations belonged to INTELSAT. The United States owned 53 percent of the corporation and the remaining participating countries owned 47 percent.By 1975, the United States ownership dropped to 33.5 percent as additional countries saw the advantage of participating in the international venture and bought shares of the organization. By 1980, 105 countries held shares in INTELSAT. The first satellite launched by this unique…