Category: Languages

In his book Caste and Kin in Central India, A.C. Mayer has reported his study of Ramkhedi village of Malwa. He has described the primary and secondary kin of the village families. The primary kin consist of mother, father, brother and sister whereas marital kin such as brother’s wife, mother-in-law and others. Mayer’s study describes only the kin found in a patriarchal descent group. He does not make any theoretical attempt to compare the Ramkhedi findings to the find­ings of other anthropologists. In short, it is obvious that kinship studies in India have been very restricted. What is conspicuous is that no micro or village study has been made of the Indian tribals. The only study which has wider im­plications is that of Iravati Karve. We, therefore, make a comparative…

Shintoism is an ethnic religion of Japan. It developed out of nature and ancestors’ worship. The rulers of Japan recognized Shintoism as the state religion of Japan until the Second World War. It observes a complex set of deities, family spirits and the divinities residing in rivers, trees, certain animals, and particularly the sun and the moon. One of the Shinto’s elements was the worship of the Japanese emperor as a god, a practice stopped only after the country’s defeat in the Second World War. Shintoism was thus as much a political cult as a religion and in cultural sense all Japanese are Shintoists. Many Japanese profess adherence to both Shintoism and Buddhism.In Shintoism, the centers and places of worship are the numerous shrines and temples in which the gods…

Memorandum of association must have the following clauses: 1. Name Clause: A Company is a legal entity. So, it must have a name to establish its identity. Name Clause in the Memorandum of Association confers protection against subsequent company registration in the same or closely similar name. It secures to the company de facto monopoly of corporate trading under a particular name. A company may have any name except: ADVERTISEMENTS: (a) A name which is identical with or which closely resembles the name of another company so as to deceive or mislead the prospective customer of one, trading with the other.(b) A name, which in the opinion of the Central Government is undesirable or will mislead the public and its use has been, therefore, prohibited by the Government under the…

Short essay on My School/College Library for students (free to read). A library may be called the brain of a school or college. It is a store-house of knowl­edge. It caters to the needs of all kinds of scholars.My school/college has a big library. It is situated in a separate building and is surrounded by a green grassy lawn. It has a large reading room and two big rooms for storing books. There is another small room. It is meant exclusively to store newspapers, journals and magazines.In our school/college library there are more than twenty thousand books. Some of the books are meant for students especially, because they pertain to their courses and syllabi. But some books are of general inter­est. Most of the books by the great writers in…

Short essay on The Future of English in India (free to read). Many people think that the teaching of English is playing havoc with our native regional languages. Even the protagonists of Hindi, our national language, are deadly opposed to it.They think that English is a foreign language and an average Indian can neither understand it, nor express himself in it. Moreover much energy of a child is being wasted in the learning of English. So English should altogether be abolished from this land.Quite opposed to this camp are the phil-Anglians. They believe that English has been in use in India for the last about two centuries. As such, English is no longer a foreign language. Innumerable words of English are being used in our language of daily use. Particularly…

India is a multi-racial and multi religious country. It is a purist State. It is a secular country where the people of all religions worship, without any let or hindrance, according to their religious practices, though subject to law and order. Geographically and linguistically, India has a vast variety. It is a unity in diversity. The Indian people in different States and regions eat different kinds of food. They wear different clothes. They speak different languages. They have different castes and they observe different religious practices. Still, they are all Indians. It is a pity that communal riots take place in different parts of our country off and on. Mostly, the innocent, gullible people are incited by political leaders and religious bigots to indulge in acts of violence and resort…

Science and religion seem to be antagonistic to each other. But intrinsically, then- purpose is the same-that is, to make life happy and worth living. Both claim to be based on truth, though their methods are different. There are many similarities and dissimilarities between science and religion.The basis of science in earliest stages at least, is believed to have been observation and experience, and it is quite understandable that man must have been observing the natural phenomena and having some experiences of varied type. Yet religion is believed to be much older than science. It is because religion is primarily based on belief and faith which later took the shape of magic. But science in its tangible form came to be recognized much later.It is now almost established that man…

Free sample essay on The Importance of English. The importance of English cannot be underestimated. In our nation there are many languages. The mother tongue of the Canadians is different from the mother tongue of the Telugus.The mother tongue of the Bengalis is different from the mother tongue of the Maharashtra. The mother tongue of the Punjabis is different from the mother tongue of the Tamils. If a Tamil Ian goes to Bengal the language he has to use for communication is only English. Many of us Indians know English. We study English in our schools and colleges. In our colleges English is the medium of instruction. In the technical institutions, in the engineering colleges and in the medical colleges English is the medium of instruction. So far there are…

There are many views regarding merits and demerits of English and other Indian languages regarding medium of instruction in educa­tion at school and college level.As there are many languages in India it becomes difficult to adopt a common language as medium of instruc­tion throughout the country.The argument why English should be the only medium of instruc­tion is that it is spoken all over the world. Image Source: i.ytimg.com ADVERTISEMENTS: Being a language of scientific knowledge, we can be benefited from the technological advancement of other countries by reading English. Therefore English is very much suitable as the medium of instruction.But the fact is that we can understand better in our mother tongue. In case of English it is very difficult to master a foreign language.In the mother tongue the student…

For younger’s travelling is a part of education and for elders a part of experience. There is no doubt, that travelling gives a lot of experi­ence in life.Those who get a chance to travel should not miss to do so. Highly diplomatic personnel in administration consist of widely trav­elled people.William Shakespeare has favoured travelling as a me­dium of education. He said that who wants to sharpen their ideas and wits must travel out of their native place. Travelling provides rich food to body, mind and soul. ADVERTISEMENTS: There are different types of travellers, some travel for business, others for travelling and others to see the wonders of the world.Some others travel to boast about themselves and to display their knowledge before others. Traveller is always benefited from his travels to…