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Production managers are required to forecast future events, which have potential effects on their activities. Such forecasting may either be a long-run estimates or short-run estimates of demand. We have already detailed about the forecasting function. All the forecasting tools hold good for production forecasting. Difference between Production Plan and Production Control are given below:Hence, in this chapter, we would not discuss the forecasting details here. From production managers’ point of view, forecasting is important for planning, scheduling and controlling the system to achieve efficient output of goods and services.Planning of the system is done by the production managers by forecasting aggregate demand, and it helps to design or redesign processes to keep pace with the demand. To take an example, what should be the degree of automation (semi-automated or…

The zero defect concept originated in 1961 by Philip Crosby, then quality manager for the Martin company of Orlando, Florida and later developed into a phased strategy by Jim Halpin, Martin’s quality director, the concept was first applied to a missile production programme for the U.S. Government. The zero defect programme reportedly paid rich dividends to this company.Despite a marginally feasible delivery date (8 weeks only), Martin guaranteed to produce a defect free missile on schedule. Martin technique was to establish a running production time inspection by operations that were individually pledged to achieve the necessary quality standards at the first manufacturing or assembly operation. In fact, the slogan used to motivate employees throughout the critical period who do it right the first time.Errors or Defects are caused by two…