Category: Artists

In the second half of the eighteenth century, the Industrial Revolution began in Britain and then spread to several other European countries.The Industrial Revolution was a shift from handmade goods to machine-made goods. As machines replaced human labour, goods began to be produced much faster and in larger quantities. ADVERTISEMENTS: The mechanised industries needed a continuous supply of raw materials. They also needed markets for the manufactured goods. To fulfil these needs, the countries with mechanised industries began to establish political control over regions around their trade settlements in other countries. These regions were called colonies.India, thus, became a British colony. The British imposed heavy taxes on the Indians, exported raw materials from India to feed England’s industries and sold their cheap machine-made goods in Indian markets. Most of the…

Emerson in his essay “Art” through an evidence of the artist’s personality gives a fresh and a brand new experience of reality. The consciousness of all the artists expands and as a result, they create concentric circles of artistry.Emerson states that all art old and new emerges from this particular method only. All artists have been involved in helping the people realize the beauty that lies all around them and despite their repeated efforts, the people because of their busy life, fail to appreciate nature and its beauty. ADVERTISEMENTS: Emerson states that art continuously emerges in new forms which at times look shocking and scandalous but the truth is that whatever is revealed at any point of time is suitable for the people who survive then.Emerson further states that true…

Prevention of Obscene Publication:The offence with regard to obscenity relates to selling, letting to hire, distributing, pub­licly exhibiting or in any manner putting into circulation, any obscene book, pamphlet, paper, drawing, painting, representation, figure or any other obscene object whatsoever, or importing or exporting the same, or taking part in or receiving profits from any such business; or selling, letting to hire, distributing, etc., any obscene object to any person under the age of 20 years; or causing annoyance to others by doing any obscene song near any public place. Image Source: siom.ac.cn ADVERTISEMENTS: The offence is punish­able with imprisonment for a term extending to three months and/or fine. (Ss. 292-294).Test of Obscenity:Under sub-section (1) of S. 292 a book, pamphlet, paper writing, drawing, painting, representation, figure or any other…

For undertaking the job of advertising, an organisation has two options. It can have its own advertising department to handle the advertising task or may choose an outside professional organisation known as advertising agency to handle the same.Most trading and business organisations choose advertising agency to undertake the job of advertising. An advertising agency is an independent professional organisation that specialises in performing the task of advertising.According to the American Advertising Agencies Association (AAAA), ‘an advertising agency is an independent business organisation, composed of creative and business people who develop, prepare and place advertising on advertising media for sellers seeking to find customers for their goods and services.’ Image Source: protectingopportunity.org ADVERTISEMENTS: A modern advertising agency offers specialised knowledge, skill and experience which are required to produce an effective advertising…

The Mongols made an invasion on the north­west frontier of India during the reign of Jalaluddin Firoz Shah Khalji. Abdullah, the grandson of Halaku, was the leader of the Mongol army and he penetrated as far as Sunam. image source: img59.imageshack.usThe Sultan who had been the warden of marches for a long time marched against the Mongols with his thirty thousand soldiers and a fierce battle was fought near the Indus. The Mongols were defeated and arrested in a large number. ADVERTISEMENTS: Abdullah, after concluding a treaty with the Sultan of Delhi, returned to Afghanistan but a great number of Mongol prisoners embraced Islam.They were permitted to settle down in India. The Sultan geve his daughter in marriage to the leader of the Mongols, Ulugh Khan. These Mongol converts came…

Historians are not unanimous about the achievements, successes, works and policies of Alauddin Khalji but there is no denying the fact that he was one of the best Sultans of Delhi Sultanate. Elphins-tone remarks, “Alauddin’s reign was glorious and in spite of many absurd and oppressive measures he was, on the whole, a successful monarch, and exhibited a just exercise of his power.”Barani has also commented, “Alauddin could not read or write a letter, and was bad-tempered, obstinate and hard-hearted; fortune befriended him and his schemes were generally successful.” Historians like S. R. Sharma, Dr. K. S. Lai, Dr. R. C. Majumdar and Lanepoole have also praised him for his successes achieved during his life time which were great and unique in the sphere of territorial expansion and adminis­trative reforms.…

Mill began his Representative Government by stating that we can only decide which is the best form of government, by examining which form of government fulfils most adequately the purposes of government.For Mill, the point of having a government was that it performed two main functions: it must use the existing qualities and skills of the citizens to best serve their interests, and it must improve the moral, intellectual and active qualities of these citizens.A despotic government may be able to fulfil the first purpose, but will fail in the second. Only a representative government is able to fulfil these two functions. It is a representative government that combines judiciously the two principles of participation and competence which is able to fulfil the two functions of protecting and educating the…

Mnhammad Ghori was a man of vision. Almost all the his­torians have praised him for his qualities of head and heart. Minhaj the contemporary historian has depicted him as a just ruler. Ferishta has also lavished praise on him. Image Source: cdn.historydiscussion.netDr. Ishwari Prasad has written about him, “He bore the character of a just monarch, God fearing and ever having the good of his subjects at his heart.” But Lanepoole has pointed out towards his shortcomings, “He was no patron of scholars No poets or historians vied with one another to praise his magni­ficence and power.” His character and personality can be evaluated properly under the following heads. As a Man: ADVERTISEMENTS: The character of Muhammad Ghori as a man was praiseworthy. He was bestowed with various qualities. He…

Biodiversity, a contraction from biological diversity is a reference to the varied life forms on earth, plants, animals and micro-organisms, their varied genes pools and habitats in the desert, oceans, coral reefs, forests and elsewhere.The health of an ecosystem is usually measured by the variation of life forms it is able to support. The existence of all life form is supported by an intricately interwoven interaction whereby, the biological processes of one provides for and in turn affects the biological processes of others.It is this interaction that promotes and supports the existence of the varied life forms on earth, such that the cycle is severely affected by the absence of the influence of one or more specie or environmental condition.As human society developed, we invented systems and mechanisms to aid…