Category: Essays

Fundamental Points of Difference Between Parole and Probation !Although parole, like probation is based on the principle of individualisation of treatment of offenders and both include a programme of guidance and assistance to the delinquents, yet the two differ in many aspects. The fundamental points of difference between parole and probation are noted below:—(i) As to their historical evolution, the system of probation owes its origin to John Augustus of Boston (U.S.A.) who around 1841, tried to convince the judge of the Magistrate’s Court that certain offenders would respond well to his supervision if committed to his care rather than jailed. The parole, on the other hand, came into existence much later somewhere around 1900. ADVERTISEMENTS: (ii) A prisoner can be released on parole only after he has already served…

The difference between Parole and Furlough:Undoubtedly, parole and furlough are parts of the penal and prison system for humanising prison administration but the two have different purposes. Furlough is a matter of right but parole is not. Furlough is to be granted to the prisoner periodically irrespective of any particular reason merely to enable him to retain family and social ties and avoid ill-effects of continuous prison life. The period of furlough is treated as remission of sentence.Parole, on the other hand, is not a matter of right and may be denied to a prisoner even when he makes out sufficient case for release on parole if the competent authority is satisfied on valid grounds that release of a prisoner on parole would be against the interest of society or…

Here is your short essay on Organ Donation !Organ donation is the act of donating an organ by a person so that it can be transplanted by surgical procedure in the body of the recipient. Organ donation can benefit the recipient largely by improving health, quality and span of his life and even save him from death or other critical conditions like paralysis.Any person above the age of 18 is eligible to become a donor irrespective of the background. Even younger population under 18 can donate with permission from parent or guardian. The most surprising fact about organ donation is that some organs can be donated even when a person is alive. Most organs are however transplanted only after the donor is dead. By getting registered as a donor with…

Here is your Essay on Urbanization specially written for School and College Students in Hindi Language:

Here is your Essay on the World in 21st Century specially written for School and College Students in Hindi Language:

The long run marginal cost (LMC) curve shows the minimum amount by which cost is in­creased each time, when output is increased or the maximum amount of total cost that can be reduced, when output is reduced.LMC curve is derived from the short run marginal cost (SMC) curves by considering the points of intersection of the SMCs, with vertical lines drawn from the points of tangency of corresponding SAC and LAC curve to the X-axis. This is illustrated in Fig. 9.14, where initially LAC curve is drawn through short- run average cost (SAC) curves. For the sake of simplicity, only three SAC curves have been considered.In the long run, if the firm wants to produce OQ, output, it will choose the plant corre­sponding to SAC1. For this level of output,…

The triba’ls life revolves round liquor. Most of their rituals are per­formed by the offering and consumption of liquor. The state governments have prohibited the distillation of liquor. Admittedly, drinking liquor is injurious for health. But, for triba’ls, it is an abiding tradition. Efforts can be made to reduce the consumption of liquor, but the triba’ls think it as an encroachment on their tradition. Prohibi­tion has led to illicit distillation and the resultant police harassment and litigation. Elwin has a counter-argument against the prohibition on liquor. He says that when a tribal goes to a public vendor for drinking he learns the evil habits of urban life. Home distillation of liquor is not very easy. Image Source: cdn.youthkiawaaz.com ADVERTISEMENTS: When it is brewed in the house, the elderly members of…

Natural methods of contraception or preventing pregnancy include:(a) Coitus interrupts (b) Rhythm method (c) Abstinence(a) Coitus Interrupts: ADVERTISEMENTS: It means withdrawal of the penis (the male organ) before ejaculation. This is also known as “Withdrawal” method. This is perhaps the oldest contraceptive procedure known to man.Coitus Interrupts avoids the flow of semen into the female genital tract. The Advantage of this method is that no supplies or particular preparations are needed. It costs nothing.But in order to practise it successfully, it is necessary that the man must have sufficient self-control. Some men are physically or emotionally unable to use this method.This method may fail due to escape of semen before ejaculation or delayed withdrawal or deposit of semen in the women’s external sexual organs which may result in pregnancy. Image…

The term ‘accord‘ signifies the ‘agreement’. The term ‘satisfaction’ indicates the ‘consideration which pacifies the aggrieved party’.A publishes certain defamatory matter against B. B sues A for defamation claiming rupees two lakhs as damages.B offers apology to A, and offers to pay Rs. fifty thousand towards the damages. A satisfies with the apology tendered by B and with the amount offered. ADVERTISEMENTS: Thereby an agreement is concluded between them. When the agreement concluded between them is called ‘accord’, and the efforts of B to satisfy A is called ‘satisfaction’, and finally this arrangement is called ‘accord and satisfaction’.Accord’ without ‘satisfaction’ doesn’t bar the right of action of the aggrieved party. However, where ‘satisfaction’ is made by a promise to pay the damages at a future date makes the full stop…

Contraction of demand is just opposite of its expansion while a decrease in demand is just opposite of an increase in it. Other things remaining unchanged, less of a product is demanded at a higher price. Fall in demand caused by a rise in price of the product is called ‘contraction of demand.’ Figure 2.10 demonstrates it.On the other hand, ‘decrease in demand’ refers to a fall in the quantity of the product demanded due to a negative or unfavorable change in one of the shift-factors, namely, income of the consumers or prices of related goods, or tastes, preferences and fashions while product price remains as before.When quantity demanded of a good in common consumption decreases in response to a decrease in purchases made by some individuals out of pride,…