Category: Environment

Essay on the Biological Significance of increasing Complexity and Organization in Living Beings !The trend of increasing complexity and organisation from lower level toward higher one produces following new properties: cooperation, division of labour and specialization. image source: anatomyandphysiologyi.com ADVERTISEMENTS: One property which arises at each new higher level of organi­sation is united, integrated function. Disunited structure means independent function and by extension, competition; while united structure means joint function and by extension, cooperation. For example, the cells can remain structurally independent and can compete for space and raw materials. But if they form a multi­cellular unit, they surrender their independence and become a co­operative, integrated system.The fundamental advantage of cooperation is operational efficiency: the cooperating whole is more efficient in performing the functions of life than its lower-level components…

Here is your Essay on Adaptations and Ecotypes !Organisms can respond to environmental stress in such a way that their tolerance zones may change. The genetic changes that occur during the evolution of the species because of mutation and natural selection are called adaptations. image source: margaretnoble.net ADVERTISEMENTS: Presumably, each species is fairly well adapted or fit, if it has been in its particular environ­ment for many generations. The range of tolerance of a species may be narrow (i e., species has a low ecological amplitude) or broad (i.e., species has a high ecological amplitude).Thus, orga­nisms are “slaves” to the physical environment; they adapt them­selves and modify the physical environment so as to reduce the limiting effect of temperature, light, water and other physical con­ditions of existence. Such factor compensation…

Essay on the Top 3 Quantitative Characters of Community ! 1. Density: Density represents the numerical strength of the species in the community. Plants grow at varying distance in respect with each other. The number of plants in a unit area gives an idea of its density. The density of various species in a community varies in time and space and affects the community structure. image source: 435729.medialib.glogster.comDensity gives an idea of competition. If density is more, it means there is more degree of competition between the indivi­duals of the species. Density is expressed as number of individuals per unit area and is calculated as follows: ADVERTISEMENTS: Density = Total number of individuals of the species in all the sampling units / Total number of sampling units studied 2. Frequency:…

Here is your essay on Alpine Biome !The region of mountain above the timber line contains a dis­tinct flora and fauna and is referred to as the alpine zone. Alpine zone remains conspicuous in those mountains whose peaks reach up to the niveal or snow zone, as in the Himalayas. image soure: 6932024ba42556b26407-a85c761a6bd49913b8d52eb0d7ddeadd.r85.cf2.rackcdn.com ADVERTISEMENTS: The alpine zone (zone which lies between timber line and snow zone) includes in the descending order, a sub-snow zone immediately below the snow zone a meadow zone in the centre and a shrub zone which gradually merges into the timber zone.According to Mani (1957) snow zone of Himalayas lies over 5100 m above mean sea level and alpine zone exists at a height of 3600 m. From an ecological view point, the zone above the…