What are the Barriers to the International Trade? – Explained!

Trade
Barriers to trade have existed since time immemorial. To begin with, it was the natural barriers in the form of mountains, seas, rivers and geographical remoteness. But continuous innovation in transportation has helped to overcome this problem. The biggest obstacle to trade now is the man- made.Despite national trade policies marching on to be outward-oriented, in the global trade it is global to find significant trade barriers to protect a country’s market from intrusion by foreign firms. All nations apply barriers, obstacles or trade impending factors – the difference is only that of degree. “Protectionist barriers to economies are what steroids are to athletes – a temporary fix and a long-term disaster.” Image Source: b2b498fa173fe1c8c461-97707f5c7d17291ba358946428536a09.r5.cf2.rackcdn.com Protectionism ultimately hits the protectionist. The National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers has…
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Useful Notes on the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)

Housing
Life Insurance Corporation of India was established on September 1, 1956 to spread the message of life insurance in the country and mobilise people’s savings for nation building activities.LIC has its central offices at Mumbai, Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai, 109 divisional offices in important cities. 2048 branch offices and 1004 satellite offices as on March 31. 2010.At present LIC is operating internationally through Branch Offices in Fiji. Mauritius and UK and through Joint Venture Companies in Bahrain, Nepal, Sri Lanka. Kenya and Saudi Arabia. stepsandtips.com ADVERTISEMENTS: A large part of the funds of LIC is deployed as loans to assist the development of social overheads like housing, rural electrification, water supply and sewerage schemes.Besides normal investment operations by way of sale and purchase of securities in stock markets and investment in…
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Short Essay on Karunanidhi

Economic Development
M. Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu who captured power in the last State Assembly elections in 2006. His main plank was to distribute free colour TVs to the people.The DMK led by Karunanidhi enjoys the support of Congress and the Left parties. Chennai witnessed unprecedented violence in October, 2006, when the Municipal Corporation elections were held. ADVERTISEMENTS: Supporters of the DMK captured polling booths, drove out poll officers and party agents at knife point and stuffed the ballot boxes with ballot papers after voting for their party candidates. The rival candidates belonging to AIADMK, CPI (M) were assaulted.Tamil Nadu is one of the frontline States in the role of economic development, but this could easily slide, if efficient administration is lacking. Karunanidhi is also trying to lobby for constitutional amendment…
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Short Essay on Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Inflation
Former Prime Minister of India from 1998 to 2004. A veteran politician and a widely respected personality. His was a voice of reason and tolerance when the mobs went on a killing spree during the communal carnage in Gujarat in 2002.A poet in his own right. He lost the 2004 General Elections which had been propounded by six months in the hope that the BJP would be returned to power on account of strong public support and economic reforms. The electorate voted otherwise and returned the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) headed by the Congress, at the hustings. ADVERTISEMENTS: Vajpayee remains the most charismatic leader and crowd puller. He addressed crowds at the local elections in U.P. in November, 2006 which brought cheers to the BJP as it regained its lost…
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Essay on the Diplomatic Relationship Between India and Pakistan

Trade
The relations between the two have become an issue to watch for the world especially’ after they exploded their respective nuclear powers in 1998.The world gets on the edge whenever there is a tension between the two, as was the case after the terrorist attack on Indian Parliament in December, 2001, or after the November, ’08 terrorist strike in Mumbai – it can always trigger a nuclear conflict between the two neighbours. The terrorist attack on November 26, 2008 has caused renewed tension in Indo-Pak relations. ADVERTISEMENTS: The fear of military confrontations was high but sanity prevailed and the crisis defused. Earlier, Pakistani trained terrorists had struck in Jaipur (May, ’08), Bangaluru (July, ’08), Ahmedabad (July, ’08), New Delhi (September, ’08), A few of the terrorists were home-grown belonging to…
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What is the Proper Place of Suing in the Following Cases?

Trade
(a) A suit by a guardian for the custody of his ward;(b) A suit for damages for infringement of a trade mark;(C) A suit against a corporation;(d) A suit for mesne profits; ADVERTISEMENTS: (e) A suit for specified performance of a contract of sale of immovable property; and(f) A suit for a tort.(a) A suit by a guardian for the custody of his ward may be brought in the court of the place from where the ward was removed or at the place to which the ward was removed. Image Source: scfamilylaw.com ADVERTISEMENTS: (b) A suit for damages for infringement of a trade mark may be brought in the court of the place where the defendant resides or in the court of the place where the defendant publishes advertisements constituting…
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The History of the Law of Limitation in India (The Limitation Act, 1963)

Trade
“Under the Hindu Jurisprudence there was only a law of prescription and now no Law of Limitation as such. For the acqui­sition of title by prescription, a period of 10 years was laid down by certain smriti writers, though others differed regarding the length of the period.The main occupation of the people being agriculture and there being very little of commerce or trade, concentration was more on the land and the rights therein. This was the position not only in Hindu society but also in other countries; thus in England, before the James Statute of 1623 there was no specific law of limitation.Before 1858, two systems of law of limitation were administered by the Courts in India. In the territories within the original jurisdiction of the Courts established by Royal…
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Short Essay on the Consequences of Forest Destruction

Budget
Forests are important regulators of ecosystems. They exert significant effects on the water budget and the hydrological cycle.In areas of heavy rainfall, a large fraction of the rain is intercepted by the tree crowns and other forest plants. This water evaporates quickly and returns to the hydrological cycle. Some of the water reaching the forest floor pene­trates into the soil through the litter and the loose soil surface, and there is little surface run-off. It is only after some period of time that the seeped water reaches the streams and rivers.This time lag is an important device to regulate the water discharge into rivers, and in this way, flooding is prevented or minimized. On the other hand, in dry periods also the forest soil continues to supply water slowly to…
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11 Essential Elements of a “Promissory Note” (With Specimen)

Currency
“A promissory note is an instrument in writing (not being a bank note or a currency note) containing an unconditional undertaking signed by the maker, to pay a certain sum of money only to, or to order of a certain person, or to the bearer of the instrument.”The person who makes the promise to pay is called the Maker. He is the debtor and must sign the instrument. The person who will get the money (the creditor) is called Payee. Image Source: 2.bp.blogspot.com Essential Elements: ADVERTISEMENTS: From the definition given in the Act it is apparent that the following essential requirements must be fulfilled by an instrument intended to be a promissory note:1. The instrument must be in writing.2. The instrument must be signed by the maker of it. A…
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9 Essential Elements of a Bill of Exchange (With Specimens)

Currency
“A Bill of Exchange is an instrument in writing containing an unconditional order, signed by the maker, directing a certain person to pay a certain sum of money only to, or to the order of a certain person or to the bearer of the instrument.” The maker of a bill of exchange is called the Drawer. The person who is directed to pay is called the Drawee. The person who will receive the money is called the Payee. When the payee has custody of the bill, he is called the Holder. It is the holder’s duty to present the bill to the drawee for his acceptance. The drawee signifies his acceptance by signing on the bill. After such signature the drawee becomes the Acceptor.In a bill of exchange sometimes the…
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