19Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

7 Most Important Characteristics of Labour

Identity
The Most Important Characteristic of Labor are listed below:We know that wage is a price paid to labour as a factor in the process of production. Out of four factors of production, labour is the most important and active factor of production. In view of this it is worthwhile to know some characteristics of labour. (1) The labourer (worker) and his labour are inseparable: The services (efforts) of a worker cannot be separated from him. A labourer’s work has to be delivered in person. So it is not possible to separate labourer from labour. Image Source: darkroom.baltimoresun.com (2) The labourer sells his services (labour) only, not himself: ADVERTISEMENTS: A labourer (worker) sells his services only and not himself. When a worker sells his services (labour), he himself remains’ quite independent…
Read More
19Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

8 Important Ideas of “Machiavelli” on State

Military
Machiavelli was a practical politician who was greatly disturbed by the conditions of his native state. He never claimed to be political philosopher. His ‘Prince’ contains the tips given to the fictional prince.The ‘Prince’ as mainly a handbook on the art of ruling and maintaining oneself in power in his advice; he is mainly concerned with the actual state of his time without bothering about its origin, nature, functions etc. Allen says “The Prince was written of a Prince, for a Prince and for no one else”?However in subsequent period, his ideas were concretized to develop a systematic whole. The following are the various ideas of Machiavelli on state that can be said to have formed into a systematic political theory. Image Source: a5.files.biography.com ADVERTISEMENTS: 1. For Machiavelli, state has…
Read More
19Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Useful Notes on the Concept and Causes of "Revolution" According to the Aristotle

Law
Aristotle after his study of 158 constitutions comes out with a detailed analysis of causes of revolution and ways to prevent them.Perhaps, his concept of Revolution is most potent testimony of his scientific rigor and empirical enquiry. 1. What is Revolution? Aristotle, in Part V of ‘Polities’, offers two-fold meaning of revolution. ADVERTISEMENTS: Firstly, A revolution means any major or minor change in the constitution.Secondly, A revolution is also said to have occurred if ruling power has been transferred, even if the constitution remains the same. Image Source: rikowski.files.wordpress.com 2. Causes of Revolution: Aristotle attempts a detailed analysis of the causes of revolution which can be broadly classified as ADVERTISEMENTS: 1. General causes2. Revolutions in a particular kind of stateGeneral causes of revolution include the desire of the people to…
Read More
19Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Essay on the Aristotle’s Justification of Slavery

Development
Aristotle hailed as the realist philosopher, wanted to take things as they are. Perhaps his justification of slavery is most accurate account of realism. For, it was expedient in the prevailing context of time. 1. Grounds of Justification: According to Aristotle slave is the living possession of the family, necessary for its smooth functioning. He justifies slavery on the grounds of being natural institution, usefulness and expediency. 2. Natural Ground: Unlike the Sophists, who espoused the natural equality of human beings, Aristotle argues that nature itself has ordained slavery. For, different persons are endowed with different attributes and qualities. So, superior should rule over the inferior. ADVERTISEMENTS: Those persons who are endowed with a higher degree of reason and capacity for virtue must command and direct those who possess little…
Read More
19Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Essay on the Plato’s “Theory of Education”

Education
1. Theory of Education: Plato is known for his concept of justice not only because he outlined a novel philosophical scheme of justice but, he also envisaged a comprehensive scheme by which ends of justice can be achieved.He advocated two kinds of means—positive and spiritual method of education and temporal method of communism of property and wives. However, of the two, he attaches more importance to education.In the words of Barker, it is “an attempt to cure a mental malady by mental medicine”. Plato felt that the various evils playing in the society could be rooted out by proper education and regards it as spiritual remedy. Image Source: real.dctc.edu ADVERTISEMENTS: The importance which Plato attached to education in his ideal state is evident from the fact that he devoted a…
Read More
19Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Short Biography of “Aristotle” – (Life, Influences and His Philosophy)

Teaching
1. Life and Time: Aristotle was born at Stagira on the Aegean Sea in 384 B.C.His father was a physician to the King of Macedon. This gave him an opportunity to acquire first-hand information about the royal court. It also gave him understanding of the working of the state. It helped Aristotle to develop an analytical and scientific bent of mind.He came to Athens at the age of eighteen and joined Plato’s academy where he stayed for twenty years till the death of Plato in 347 B.C. In 342 B.C. he was called to Macedonia to become the tutor of young Alexander. After the death of Alexander he fled to Chalcis and died the same year. ADVERTISEMENTS: Aristotle studied under Plato for 20 years from the age of 17 to…
Read More
19Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Essay on the Plato’s Theory of Justice

Friends
Like many other concepts in political science, the concept of justice has been one greatest contribution of ancient Greece. Plato, one of the greatest political philosophers has made a significant contribution to the development of notion of justice. His work ‘Republic’ has been titled as “on concerning justice”.The’ impact of his work is such that most often scholars aims to imbibe the spirit of this classic in developing their own notion of justice.To Plato: “Justice is having and doing what is one’s own”, and “A just man is a man just in the right place doing his best and giving full equivalent of what he receives”. Image Source: theawakemind.com 1. Critique of Prevailing Theories: ADVERTISEMENTS: To develop his own theory of justice, Plato discusses the prevailing theories of justice. Three…
Read More
19Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Difference between Plato's Communism and Marx's Communism

History
Modern Communism as practiced in erstwhile Soviet Union and China has been a collective philosophical predicament expounded by Karl Marx and modified by Lenin and Stalin in Soviet Union and Mao in China. Historically it owes its genesis to the ill-effects of nineteenth century industrial revolution.In essence, Communists hold a materialist view of history. Whosoever controls the means of production controls the whole society. Thus society is divided into two classes, ‘haves’ and ‘have not’s.To Marx, “History of all hitherto society is the History of class struggle”. They believe that final goal of class struggle will overthrow the capitalist system and establish the dictatorship of the proletariat. In course of time, a classless society will emerge and the state will wither away. Image Source: api.ning.com ADVERTISEMENTS: A comparison between Platonic…
Read More
19Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

8 Most Important Factors on which the Elasticity of Demand Depends

Budget
Elasticity of demand depends upon the number of factors. These are follows: (1) Nature of Commodity: A commodity may be a necessary, or a coif fort or a luxury. Necessaries, which satisfy the most urgent needs and are indispensable, have an inelastic demand, while comforts and luxuries, which do not satisfy urgent wants, have a elastic demand. ADVERTISEMENTS: Take for example, the case of salt. A change in price of salt will not have much effect on its quantity demanded. A change in the price of a necessary article cannot after its demand to a great extent. On the contrary, commodities which are items of luxury have a high elasticity of demand.For instance, if there is an increase in price of motor cars in a country like India there will…
Read More
19Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

12 Factors Which Influence Demand for a Commodity (Useful Notes)

Fashion
There are several factors which influence the quantity demanded of a commodity. Important among them are the price of the commodity, the price of related commodities, and income of the consumer, taste and preference of consumers, size of population and various other factors.It is essential to observe the separate effect of each variable on the quantity demanded. It helps to consider the effect of a change in all the variables on the quantity demanded at the same time.This enables economists to develop a theory of consumer’s demand. However, in law of demand we keep all other factors constant except price of the good in question. Below we will discuss in detail, the factors influencing demand. Image Source: images.flatworldknowledge.com (1) Price of Commodity: ADVERTISEMENTS: The price of commodity is the most…
Read More