Category: Development

Difference between Parole and Indeterminate Sentence:Parole is closely linked with the system of indeterminate sentence under which instead of being compelled to serve a definite term of sentence, the offender is sentenced to a minimum and a maximum period of sentence and after he has finished the minimum term, usually one-third of the maximum prescribed, he is set at liberty with or without conditions. It therefore, follows that the system of parole cannot function successfully without having indeterminate sentence.This does not, however, mean that these two systems are identical. Indeterminate sentence carries with it an element of uncertainty about the exact period of sentence which in itself is a great punishment to the offender; while on the other hand, the system of parole serves a kind of pre-intimation to the…

Here is your short essay on Weber’s interpretation on Hinduism !Weber’s thesis on Hinduism has been defined by many scholars. Rao points out many problems in Weber’s analysis: Firstly, Weber’s units of comparison were mistaken. Like he studied protestant sects, he should have studied a Hindu sect and tried a comparison secondly, Weber’s understanding of ‘Karma’ is partial and it takes into account the interpretation of only a single school of thought, when there are many; Thirdly, most of such views constructed from religious texts, consider ideas to be stable and unchanging throughout history, which is wrong.Most of Weber’s arguments have been defeated over the development in the past forty years of Indian independence. By now various studies have established that traditional institutions like joint family and caste have well…

Here is your short essay on diabetes!Diabetes mellitus, commonly called as diabetes is a disease of metabolic disorder where the blood sugar levels tend to remain high either because insufficient insulin is produced in pancreas or because the cells not responding to the insulin produced.Frequent urination, increased thirst and increased hunger are most common early symptoms of this disease. There are three major forms of diabetes namely Type1, Type 2 and third form is known as gestational diabetes.Type1 and Type 2 were formerly known as insulin dependent and insulin non-dependent diabetes. In patients of Type1 diabetes, body fails to produce insulin and thus an insulin pump is required to inject it. In Type 2 diabetes, the cells are not able to use the insulin properly because of insulin resistance. Third…

Tribal insurgency in the north-east, along with the upheaval in the Bastar area of Madhya Pradesh, made it quite clear that we should think over seriously the situation of tribals as a whole. It appeared that there was something wrong in our understanding of the tribals. It is a fact that the non-tribals and especially the caste Hindus suffer from prejudices against the tribals. There has been serious discrimination of tribals by the non-tribals. For long, the non-tribals have been cherish­ing the notion that the tribals are a savage lot and there is little scope for development among these people. The need to concentrate on tribals became all the more serious when in 1950 we took to Community Development Programmes. The Constitution of India brought out a new set of…

When we think of environment, the things that instantly come to our mind are air, land, water, wildlife-animals, birds, fish and forests etc.These really constitute the physical attributes of an environment. ADVERTISEMENTS: However, the environment of man consists of both natural and manmade substances and conditions in which and by means of which human society satisfies its most varied material as well as cultural needs.In the society, man is connected with his environment by constant interaction. The environment affects man both physically and psychically, forming him and determining some of his characteristics, reactions etc. Image Source: sites.psu.eduOn the other hand, man constantly affects the material surrounding him, changing them (in ways both good and bad, from his own viewpoints and that of nature), and thus becoming to a great extent,…

There is a great need to conserve and protect the environment, to develop forests and to conserve the wildlife.This has become imperative and an urgent requirement as against the over-exploitation of national resources in the name of development and as a result of desired replenishment of all the natural resources. ADVERTISEMENTS: To clean up the polluted rivers in the country, a start was made in terms of River Action Plan.The first phase of this Plan was Ganga Action Plan which began in 25-class I towns in the three states viz. U.P., Bihar and West Bengal. Image Source: sites.psu.eduIt remains incomplete even after ten years of its inception. The pace of implementation of this plan is so slow that one can easily imagine how long it will take to complete.There is…

Main Mechanisms of Heredity in the Psychological Foundation of Education are described below: 1. Mating: Mating is the first step for reproduction. It is essential for the union of the male germ cell spermatozoa with the female ovum. The union causes fertilisation of the ovum.Growth and development takes place by the multiplication of the fertilized cell through continuous division (or mitosis). Image Source: 185.26.182.219 2. Growth: ADVERTISEMENTS: Involves repeated division of the fertilised cell or zygote. 3. Chromosomes: The fertilised ovum consists of a semi-fluid mass called cytoplasm, and within that there is a small nucleus of denser material. The nucleus includes the elementary carriers of the traits of both the parents, called chromosomes. In a fertilised ovum, there are 24 pairs of chromosomes, 24 from father and 24 from…

Important Types of Agencies for Imparting Education are given below: 1. Formal Agencies: Those agencies which are developed with the specific and exclusive aim of imparting education are called the Formal Agencies of Education. They are preplanned in aim, scope and programme. The time and places of their activity as well as the means of their procedure and performance are all fixed and well-regulated.They are kept under a certain code of discipline and regularly supervised. Such agencies include the school, the church, the state, organised recreational centers, museums, libraries and art galleries etc. Image Source: 185.26.182.219 ADVERTISEMENTS: Merits of Formal Agencies:According to John Dewey, “Without formal education, it is not possible to transmit all the resources and achievements of a complex society. It also opens a way to a kind…

10 Main Features of Indian Philosophy of Education are described below:1. No society tolerates a type of education that undermines its own stability. Indian philosophy of education also aims at strengthening its society.2. Educational philosophy of a country depends upon the concept of man and the values it considers worthy of human pursuit. ADVERTISEMENTS: 3. Early Indian education was dominated by religion. Body was neglected. How it is not so.4. The most significant feature of the ancient Indian outlook on life was its comprehensiveness. It sought to hold all levels of life in common unity. The concept of the world as a movement or Samskara is found in almost all schools of Indian philosophy.5. Education is key to man’s fulfillment, education is an all inclusive process. Image Source: philosophy.uchicago.edu ADVERTISEMENTS:…

Historical materialism or the materialist inter­pretation of history implies that all phenomenon of history are dependent on economic factors.According to Marx, production is the most fundamental of all human activities. Society is the outcome of men’s cooperation to produce for the satisfaction of human needs. But, changing needs, defective mode of production and limited knowledge continue to put strain on any given system of production.Marx in his “Preface of the contribution to the Critique of Political Economy” holds that “In the social production of their life men enter into definite relations that are indispensable and independent of their will; relations of production which correspond to a definite stage of development of their material productive forces. Image Source: fm.cnbc.com ADVERTISEMENTS: The sum total of these relations of production constitutes the economic…