Category: Surgery

Good faith has not been defined in the Indian Penal Code in positive terms. Section 52 of the Code gives only a negative definition by saying that “nothing is said to be done or delivered in “good faith’ which is done or delivered without due care and attention.” Absence of good faith, according to the Code, only means carelessness or negligence. Mere good faith in the sense of simple belief with any grounds for believing is not sufficient; the belief must be some reasonable, not an absurd belief; that is, there must be some reasonable ground for it. Good faith requires due care and attention.The phrase “due care and attention” implies genuine effort to reach the truth and not ready acceptance of an ill-nurtured belief.It has been held that when…

Atoms are all around and are too small to be seen with eyes. They are too numerous to be counted and are found in every object in the form of very minute particles. Atoms are bounded together with the force of attraction. When they are pulled apart, they release energy. This energy is called the atomic energy.In its original form an atom is stable, and is of no use to mankind. However, the energy that is released, when an atom breaks into two, is highly powerful and of extreme usefulness. Years of research into the limitless power of atom resulted in atomic explosions over the two Japanese city of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.The two atomic bombs, that were dropped, destroyed the two cities and made many people fall prey to cancer…

Essay on Antibiotics – Life Saving Drugs !Antibiotics are playing an important role in our society. Sir Alexander Fleming was a founder of antibiotics through his careful observations of 1928. Without it, many lives would have been in danger due to so many infectious diseases. ADVERTISEMENTS: Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by various species of microorganisms and other living systems that are capable of inhibiting the growth of killing bacteria and other microorganisms, in small concentrations. These organisms can be bacteria, viruses, fungi or animals, called protozoa. A particular group of these agents is made up of drugs called antibiotics. Antibiotics can be bacteriostatic (bacteria stopped from multiplying) or bactericidal (bacteria killed). It is believed that antibiotics interfere with the surface of bacteria cells, causing a change in their ability…

Free sample essay on Science in the Service of Man. We are living in an age of science. Miracles of science have changed our lives. The best of the comforts and luxuries that we have today are the contributions of science. Science has made our life easy and comfortable. It has reduced the time, space and distance.The inventions of science have revolutionized the world of transport. The distance is meaningless today. We have aeroplanes, cars, bullet trains, ships, etc. Within a short time we can cover a very long distance. The world has turned smaller due to these fast means of transport. Man has succeeded in landing on the moon. The means of transport have enabled us to explore the possibility of life on other planet. Space travel is a…

Free sample essay on the Latest Achievements of Science. Science has given us numerous wonders. The wonders of science are too many to be counted. It has given us a large number of comforts and facilities. It has made our life easier. Some of the wonders of science are really astonishing.The list of the latest wonders of science is too long to be made. However, a few more wonderful gifts of science are television, air-conditioner, satellites, rockets, computers, Internet, etc. These inventions have eased human life. Besides, there are a lot more in different spheres. They include inventions in the field of medical and health, agriculture, space, transport, warships. Most of these achievements of science have brought luxury and comfort in the life of man but several of them are…

Free sample essay on the Uses of Electricity. Electricity is one of the greatest wonders of science. It is a gift to mankind. It has changed our lives. It has relieved us from hard labour.Modern society is completely dependent on electricity. It would not be an exaggeration to say that it has become the backbone to development today. It is one of the essentials required to sustain modern urban life particularly. ADVERTISEMENTS: Modern age is an age of electricity. Life comes to a standstill when there is power cut even for a short time. We have electric telegraph, electric tram, electric bulb, electric train, and electroplating, electric fan, electric stove, all of which have made our lives easier and comfortable. We have become used to all these things. These are…

There are so many different ways in which mankind can be benefitted, and so many great men who have conferred great blessings on their fellows, that in a short essay little more can be done than to give a catalogue of some of the classes of the benefactors of humanity.To begin with the religious and moral side of man’s nature, it is impossible to calculate the benefits that the founders of great and pure religions have conferred upon the race men such as Buddha in India, Confucius in China, Jesus in Palestine, and Muhammad in Arabia. ADVERTISEMENTS: And besides such great figures, there have been hosts of men of saintly life and noble teaching in all ages, who have, by example, earnest words and noble books, raised the level of…

‘That service is the noblest which is rendered for its own sake’. — Mahatma Gandhi.The human life on the earth is full of pleasures and sorrows, ups and downs, strength and weakness and health and illness like day and night these happenings are inherent in everyone’s life cycle. But it is silver lining that there are noble people who work all their lives to mitigate the sufferings of the others. Among them, the profession of doctors is perhaps most respected for service to the society.A doctor dedicates his life to the service of the patients. He or she relieves the sufferings and pain of mankind. He cures them from disease and illness. He strives to make the life of others better and healthier. ADVERTISEMENTS: The doctor works to prevent spread…

Robotic surgery is the use of robots in performing surgery. It started in 1985 when used for placing a needle for a brain biopsy using CT guidance and now it is being used for a variety of delicate procedures like Total Endoscopic CABG, Valve repairs/replacements, Pancreatectomy, Prostatectomy, Whipples surgery, Cholecystectomy, Pediatric surgery and Hip and Knee replacement surgery.The system comprises of three components: A surgeon’s console, a patient-side robotic cart with 4 arms, and a high-definition 3-D vision system. Articulating surgical instruments capable of cutting, dissecting, suturing are mounted on the robotic arms which are introduced into the body through cannulas.In using “da Vinci” (the most advanced robotic system) for surgery, a human surgeon makes three or four incisions—no larger than the diameter of a pencil—in the patient’s body, which…

Legal Provisions of Section 88 of Indian Penal Code, 1860.Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person’s benefit:The section, along with sections 89 and 92 of the Code, deals with acts done for the benefit of others whereas section 93 deals with communication made for the benefit of a person. Therefore, these sections 88, 89, 92 and 93 should be read together to understand the similarities and dissimilarities of these provisions. ADVERTISEMENTS: The section states that when something is done by a person which may cause any harm to another, or where the intention of the doer is to cause harm to another, or where the doer knows that harm is likely to be caused to another, the same does not amount to an…