17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Useful Notes on the Water Prevention and Control of Pollution Act, 1974

Industry
An Act to provide for the prevention and control of water pollution and the maintaining or restoring of wholesomeness of water for the establishment, with a view to carrying out the purposes aforesaid, of Boards for the prevention and control of water pollution, for conferring on and assigning to such Boards powers and functions relating thereto and for matters connected therewith.This Act came into force on 23 March, 1974. It applies in the first instance to the whole of the States of Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tripura and West Bengal and the Union Territories; and it shall apply to such other State which adopts this Act by resolution passed in that behalf under clause (1) of article 252 of the…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

What are the Limitations of Planning in Organisations?

Management
Even though planning is an all-pervasive and a primary function of management, planning is subject to certain limitations. Without proper understanding of such limitations, planning may result into futile exercise. Image Source: stlouis-mo.govWe have listed some limitations of planning, understanding of which may improve the efficiency of planning. 1. Planning Premises May Be Wrong: ADVERTISEMENTS: Planning premises are the basis and framework for decisions. Understanding the planning premises with absolute accuracy is not possible. Hence, there always exists some margin of error, which obviously vitiates the plans. Difficulty in assessing the premises for planning is, therefore, the most important limitation. 2. Rapidity of Change: Every organization operates under certain internal and external environment. Environment cannot always be stable. Extent of change in internal and external environment, therefore, creates a situation…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Is Management a Profession? – Essay

Management
Corporate form of organization with separation of ownership from management, growing complexities in managing the activities of organization, development of organized body of systematic knowledge of management are essential factors which are responsible for raising management to the status of a distinct profession. A field is normally characterized as profession when the following special features are present in it:(i) Systematic body of knowledge(ii) Need for learning and proper organization ADVERTISEMENTS: (iii) Entry restricted on the basis of examination or education(iv) Dominance of service motive over profit motiveExcept for restricted entry, management qualifies all other tests of a profession. It is now backed by a systematic body of knowledge. A number of management principles have been developed which need proper learning and education. Besides, in a number of countries management institutes,…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

What are the Limitations of Macroeconomics? – Explained!

Industry
Macroeconomic analysis has been gaining strength ever since the publication of J.M. Keynes’ General Theory of Employment Interest and Money.Inductive method has, however, posed the danger of excessive generalization of individual experiences to the system as a whole. Such pitfalls need to be avoided if macroeconomics is to serve as a handmaid of public policy. Let us outline such pitfalls as the limitations of macroeconomics: Image Source: 2.bp.blogspot.com 1. Excessive Generalization: ADVERTISEMENTS: As hinted above, generalization of individual observation to the system as a whole may lead to erratic inferences about the system as a whole. For instance, a loss incurred by one firm in an industry does not necessarily imply losses to all other firms in it. Likewise, hospitality shown by one Indian does not imply that each and…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

What are the Main Goals of Monetary Policy?

Industry
Broadly speaking, a monetary policy aims at the following five goals, popularly known as its objectives: 1. Neutrality of Money: Initially suggested by Wicksteed, supported later by Hayek and Robertson, the objective of neutrality of money implies that money should remain strictly neutral, causing no changes in the general price-level, output, income and employment. Image Source: egginasia.files.wordpress.com ADVERTISEMENTS: According to these economists, collectively known as the neutralists, money should not influence economic parameters such as price, output, income and employment nor should it influence the pattern of distribution in society. In other words, money should play a passive role as a medium of exchange and store of value.Neutrality of money is often put to severe criticism on the following grounds:1. It is based on the assumption, implicit in the quantity…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Essay on GNP Per Capita and Economic Welfare

Industry
GNP per capita has been treated as an indicator of economic development and social welfare. For quite some time, a high GNP per capita has implied a high level of social welfare and economic development particularly in respect of some advanced countries.No wonder developing nations like India have begun to show signs of impatience about their chronically low growth rate of GNP. The obsession of realizing a higher growth of GNP is so high that a number of developing countries have prepared themselves to give up the very social objectives to fulfil which a high growth of GNP, they believe, is essential.Creation of employment opportunities, for instance, is a social objective of such economies. It is to achieve such objectives only that a high GNP growth has been and also…
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16Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Speech on “Slow and steady wins the Race”

Business
The world is getting faster and faster. Everybody is racing. It is not always because they want to win the race. They have not really thought about it. It just so happens that in the process of living they find themselves in a race. Of course now that they are in it, they would not mind winning. Who would?More and more, the saying ‘Slow and steady wins the race’ seems to belong to the past. Many today would contend it is all right when one is talking of the hare and the tortoise and all that, but when it comes to real life, one better hurry up if one does not want to be left behind.I feel that the concept of life being a race is itself flawed, because as…
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16Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Method Statement for Block Works in a Quality Management System

Management
Method Statement for Block Works in a Quality Management System are given below: 1. Scope: The intention of this document is to describe the various steps involved to be carried out to execute the Block works to meet the requirements of Specifications. Image Source: ufatum.com 2. Relevant Process/Specifications: ADVERTISEMENTS: Tender Specifications 3. Plants & Equipments: Masonry equipments, scaffoldings with platform, plumb bob, straight edge, mobile mechanical mixer, and measurement boxes. 4. Procedure: Prior to the commencement of all construction activities, necessary work permits shall be obtained.All materials identified for the permanent works shall be approved by the Company, prior to the procurement. ADVERTISEMENTS: All HSE activities related to the Project, will be based on the Company issued HSE Management System Guidelines.All quality assurance and quality control activities will be in…
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16Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Biology Question Bank – 137 MCQs on “Applied Biology” – Answered!

Industry
137 Questions with Answers and Explanations on “Applied Biology” for Students.1. In crop movement programme, haploids are important because they (a) require one half of nutrients Image Source: northwesternflipside.com ADVERTISEMENTS: (b) are helpful in study of meiosis(c) grow better under adverse conditions(d) form perfect homozygous. ADVERTISEMENTS: Answer and Explanation:1. (d): in crop movement programme, haploids are important because they form perfect homozygous lines. Homozygous are the pure line selection plants resulting from self pollination. In this way, considerable homozygosity is obtained. Haploids are those plants which possess a gametophytic number of chromosomes. Haploids are used in plant breeding, especially for the production of homozygous plants and in their studies in the detection of mutation.2. Which ones produce androgenic haploids in anther cultures? (a) anther wall ADVERTISEMENTS: (b) tapetal layer of…
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16Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Biology Question Bank – 148 MCQs on “Ecology & Environment” – Answered!

Industry
148 Questions with Answers and Explanations on “Ecology & Environment” for Biology Students:1. Acid rains are produced by (a) excess NO2 and SO2 from burning fossil fuels Image Source: dyndy.net ADVERTISEMENTS: (b) excess production of NH3 by industry and coal gas(c) excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion(d) excess formation of CO2 by combustion and animal respiration. (1988, 89) ADVERTISEMENTS: Answer and Explanation:1. (a): Acid rain refers to the precipitation with a pH of less than 5. It is a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3, the ratio of the two acids vary depending on the relative quantities of sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides present in the atmosphere. These oxides are mainly produced by combustion of fossil fuels, smelters, industries, power plants, automobile exhausts etc.2. Which one is not a…
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