Useful Notes on Expulsion of a Member in a Company (Indian Companies Act, 1956)

Management
A company limited by guarantee such as a social club, professional, cultural, religious or other such associations may expel any member of the company in accordance with the regulations and provisions contained in the articles of association.Expulsion on the ground such as mis-conduct of the members is also possible. But the requisite in such case would be exercise of the power in the interest of the company as a whole not for a particular group of the members.In the case of companies having share capital any provision in the articles of the company on expulsion of a member would be against the principle of corporate democracy and in violation of sections 100-104. The Department of Company Affairs issued a clarification by a circular dated November 1, 1975 regarding company’s power…
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The Role of Security Service in Hospitals – Explained!

Management
Security service in a hospital is a service responsible for ensuring the security and safety of the hospital plant, personnel, patients and public as well as regulating the traffic within the hospital premises.A hospital is a busy public dealing place trying to provide care, comfort and cure to the patient. It is a place visited by thousands of people, every day. ADVERTISEMENTS: It is very difficult to identify any antisocial element in the crowd or foresee anyone’s intensions. As a result, unexpected undesirable situations like arguments, noisy scenes, accidents or thefts do keep happening in the hospitals.Although, safety and security is the responsibility of every staff member, the technical staff, being busy in patient care, have neither the time nor training in these matters. Patients, by and large, are incapable…
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8 Important Features of Globalisation – Explained!

Industry
The concept of Globalisation involves within its ambit the following features: 1. Liberalisation: It stands for the freedom of the entrepreneurs to establish any industry or trade or business venture, within their own countries or abroad. 2. Free trade: ADVERTISEMENTS: It stands for free flow of trade relations among all the nations. Each state grants MFN (most favoured nation) status to other states and keeps its business and trade away from excessive and hard regulatory and protective regimes. 3. Globalisation of Economic Activity: Economic activities are be governed both by the domestic market and also the world market. It stands for the process of integrating the domestic economies with world economy. Image Source: sociologydiscussion.com 4. Liberalisation of Import-Export System: It stands for liberating the import-export activity and securing a free…
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Essay on Management of Biomedical Waste in Hospitals

Management
Biomedical waste is defined as any waste generated during diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining thereto or in the production/testing of biological substances.Infectious waste (called clinical waste in European countries) means that portion of the waste, which could transmit an infectious disease (microbiological waste, sharps).Bio-Medical Waste has been classified in ten categories (as per schedule I) and depending upon the recommended mode of its final disposal, the color coding of bags and containers for segregation/collection of waste has been specified in Schedule II of the Rules. Image Source: thenational.net ADVERTISEMENTS: The waste generated in the hospitals, unless disposed off in the prescribed manner, can lead to not only unhygienic and unsanitary conditions, but can also be a serious health hazard to the…
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12 Important Safety Measures to Check Before Installation of Lifts in Hospitals

Management
Important Safety Rules that the Management in Hospitals must follow before Installation of Lifts are given below:1. Installation and operation of lifts/escalators must be in full compliance with the rules/ regulations applicable in the state.Under the provisions of Lifts Act and Delhi Lift Rules 1942, any passenger lift installed in any building except the buildings maintained by Public Works Department and MES, can be operated only after obtaining a valid license which is issued after confirming the safety of electrical installation of lift, its layout, safety mechanisms and safety gears, etc. as per the standards laid down in relevant Bureau of Indian Standards. The license to operate the lift must be renewed well in time in r/o each and every lift. Image Source: www.siagroup.com ADVERTISEMENTS: 2. Inspection of Lifts: The…
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17 Important Measures for the Safety of Gas and Vacuum Supply Service in Hospitals

Management
Centralized Gas and vacuum supply service is a modern system of piped supply of medical gases (Oxygen, Nitrous oxide); Compressed Air and Clinical Vacuum Delivery from a central storage area called the Manifold Room, to all delivery points/patient areas in various wards, OT, labor room, etc. in the hospital.The service is very crucial for the efficient treatment and survival of many patients in a hospital so much, so that even a couple of minutes break can lead to serious consequences including loss of lives.The central supply station is among the most hazard prone areas in a hospital. Because of the storage of gases, any safety violations can cause explosions which can be disastrous. Image Source: lh3.googleusercontent.com ADVERTISEMENTS: Further, unless the distribution pipelines and the terminal unit are periodically inspected and…
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Impact of “Caste System” in the State Politics of India

Accounting
The study of the state politics in India cannot be accomplished without reference to the caste factor.Without any exaggeration, it can be stated that caste is a dominant factor of state politics particularly in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh. (a) Caste in Andhra Pradesh: ADVERTISEMENTS: The caste factor is so strong a factor in Andhra Pradesh that all the political parties, national and regional, communist and non-communist, formulate their policies, programmes and activities with reference to the caste factor. The electoral politics in Andhra is virtually caste politics. The Reddys, Kammas and Valamas constitute the three angles of Andhra’s political triangle.The history of development of political parties in Andhra can be legitimately described as the history of the competition between…
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10 Important Features of the “Indian Constitution” Against the Evils of “Caste System”

Industry
The Constitution of India and several laws made under it have attacked the Indian Caste system with a view to weaken it, particularly for eliminating the evils of the caste system, including the inhuman evil of untouchability.The objective of the following features of the Indian Constitution has been to attack caste and casteism in Indian society and politics.1. The Preamble to the Indian Constitution, which is a very valuable part of the basic structure of the Constitution, affirms full faith in popular sovereignty and recognises the sovereign equality of all the people of India. ADVERTISEMENTS: 2. The people of India have united made, adopted and enacted the Constitution of India. By it they have declared India to be a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic consisting of all the people of…
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6 Important Features of Indian Society (Caste-Stratified Society)

Professions
The Main Features of Indian societies as a Caste-stratified Society are:Social Stratification in India has been basically a caste-based social stratification. The Indian society stand organised on the foundations of caste-system. It involves the presence of social relations based upon a system characterised by several castes. The Indian society is usually described as a caste-based society. ADVERTISEMENTS: While defining caste in the context of Indian social system, Ketkar has written, “A caste group is a group having two characteristics: i) Member is confined to those who are born of members and includes all persons so born, and (ii) The members are forbidden by an inexorable, social law to many outside the group.M. N. Srinivas writes, “Caste in India is a hereditary group having a traditional association within occupation and a…
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What is the Importance of Retailing to the Economy of India?

Accounting
The Indian retail industry is the fifth largest industry in the world. It comprises organised and unorganised sectors, Indian retail industry is one of the fastest growing industries in India, especially over the last few years. Retail is India’s largest industry, accounting for over 10 percent of the country’s GDP and around eight percent of employment.Though initially, the retail industry in India was mostly unorganised, however with the change of tastes and preferences of the consumers, the industry is getting more popular these days and getting organised as well. With growing market demand, the industry is expected to have grown at a pace of 25-30% annually. The India retail industry is expected to grow from Rs 35,000 crore in 2004-05 to newer heights.In the Indian retailing industry, food is the…
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