17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

What are the Important Events That Occur During the Muscle Contraction?– Explained!

Events
The various events which happen during a brief contraction, or single twitch of a verteb­rate striated muscle fibre, are as follows: Image Source: i.ytimg.com1. As soon as muscle fibre or muscle is stimulated, immediately electrical events in the form of action potentials appear over the surface of muscle fibre. ADVERTISEMENTS: 2. These electrical events travel over the sarcolemma and down the numerous transverse tubules to the interior of the muscle.3. As a result calcium ions are released from the T-sarcotubular system or cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.4. Free liberated calcium ions bring about the sliding of the actin filaments in spaces between the myosin filaments, with the result contraction is effected in the muscle.This process requires energy which is derived from the breakdown of the ATP to ADP+ inorganic phosphate.…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

R.K. Narayann’s Art of Plot Construction in his Novels

Trade
Narayan’s Plot is based on an idea of Character: Narayan is perhaps the most objective writer among the Indo-Anglian novelists. As we are aware, detachment requires discipline, balance and poise. This very objectivity is reflected in Narayan’s approach to his subject matter. In form, the average Indo-Anglian novel consists of a number of characters and incidents woven round a young attractive hero or heroine ending with the happy chimes of marriage bells. image source:staneja.com ADVERTISEMENTS: But Narayan’s approach is entirely different. Narayan’s plots do not form any standard formula, because Narayan starts with an idea of character and situation and the plot progresses on the line he conceives to be the logical development of the idea. It may mean no marriage, no happy ending and no hero of standardized stature.…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Short Biography Gauri Deshpande

Poems
Gauri Deshpande was born in 1942 and she has worked for The Illustrated Weekly of India. She is married and has three children. She has published three volumes of poetry — Between Births (1968), Lost Love (1970) and Beyond the Slaughter­house (1972) besides an anthology of Indo-English poetry (Hind Pocket Books, 1974). She has a Ph.D degree in English from Poona University and is a bilingual writer who writes short sto­ries in Marathi. She has also written three novels in Marathi and has translated Richard Burton’s Arabian Nights. image source: upload.wikimedia.orgGauri Deshpande’s poetry deals mostly with everyday life and she writes often to release the tensions which keep building in her and demand utterance, the experience being “transmitted in terms of imagery, rhythm and nuances of words”. In the words…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Essay on Golden Treasury of Indo-Anglian Poetry

Music
The Golden Treasury of Indo-Anglian poetry edited by Prof. V.K. Gokak has listed about fifty earlier Indian poets writ­ing in English. While the most important of them have been discussed in the foregoing pages there are a number of others who, even if they were not of the stature of Sri Aurobindo, Tagore, Toru Dutt and Sarojini Naidu, had written poems of quality which deserve attention. These are poets who have more in common with the earlier poets rather than with the poets of the post-Independence period though many of them lived and wrote in the first few decades of the twentieth century.Behramji Malabari (1853-1912), for instance wrote in the style of the eighteenth century English poets, particularly like Pope and Dryden. His The Indian Muse in English Garb (1876)…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

What are the General Plans of Circulatory System? – Answered!

Essays
In the vertebrates the circulatory system is of closed type as blood flows through the closed blood vessels, while in most inverte­brates it is of open type. It is very simple in fishes but it is of comp­lex type in birds and mammals. Image Source: s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.comIn fishes the heart is two chambered but sinus venosus and conus arteriosus are also found attached to the heart. Blood from the tissues enters a sinus venosus through the veins. ADVERTISEMENTS: It passes through a sinu-auricular aperture to the auricle, a relatively thin-walled but large chamber, thence it is propelled through auriculo-ventricular valve to the ventricle.Vigrous ventricular con­traction forces the blood into the bulbous (or conus) arteriosus through a third set of valves. In elasmobranchi and dipnoi fishes there are several sets of valves…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

What are the Physiological Properties of a Heart Muscles?– Explained!

Law
The heart of vertebrates is a chambered structure, the walls of which are composed of cardiac muscles or myocardium, held to­gether by standards of connective tissue. The inner and outer surfaces of the heart are covered by layers of epithelial cells called endocardium and epicardium respectively. Image Source: philschatz.comThe entire heart is surrounded by a transparent covering called pericardium. The muscles of molluscan heart and of cephalopods and gastropods are of striated type. ADVERTISEMENTS: The ampuilary hearts are composed of spongy tissue of feebly striated endothelial cells.The heart muscles of all animals exhibit some important phy­siological activities which are summarized as follows: 1. Excitability and contractility: The heart muscles contract and expand rhythmically throughout life. These are effected by heat, chemicals, mechanical and chemical stimuli but while contracting there is…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Short Notes on the Osmoregulation in Terrestrial Animals

United States
The terrestrial habitat lacks both water and salts in the surrounding medium (air), therefore, the terrestrial animals often face the problem of both water and salt losses. Image Source: images.slideplayer.com ADVERTISEMENTS: Water loss may be due to evaporation of water from the general body surface or through sweat or through urine.Salt loss may be due to sweat and urine. This problem can only be solved by remaining in water and salt balance that is by maintaining a balance between water and salt loss and water and salt gain.Therefore, the terrestrial animals usually drink large amount of water and develop various devices for the conserva­tion of tissue water and feed on such food materials which are rich in salts so that the deficiency of salts may be compensated.In terrestrial animals such…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Why did Mendel Choose Garden Pea for his Experiments?

Essays
Due to the following reasons, Mendel selected garden pea for his experiment:(i) Garden pea flowers are normally self-pollinated but can be easily cross-pollinated (Hybridized), its self-pollination is prevented.(ii) Many varieties with distinguished contrasting characters e.g., smooth seed coat, wrinkled seed coat. Image Source: papaspuds.com ADVERTISEMENTS: (iii) A large number of progeny can be produced in a short duration.(iv) Its flowers can be easily handled for experimentation. Making of True-breeding: (i) He self-pollinated the pea plants for several successive generation of each variety to eliminate any offspring that was not true to the form of the trait. ADVERTISEMENTS: (ii) He ensured that the seeds of a variety produced only that type of plants and so on. For example, the seeds of white flowered plants produced only white-flowered plants in successive generations.
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

4 Main Causes for the Rapid Growth in the Quantity of Solid Waste

Industry
The main causes for the rapid growth in the quantity of solid waste are: 1. Overpopulation: Due to increasing industrialization and population large quantities of wastes are being generated in different forms such as- solid, liquid, sludge and gases. Each city produces tones of solid wastes daily from households, hospitals, industry offices, market centers etc.Some of these are biodegradable some are non biodegradable and Hazardous waste. Wastes are directly thrown away on the street roads, city garbage collecting places etc. Out of which most of it still remain there, which later pile up and chocks cities drainage lines. Image Source: 3.bp.blogspot.com Urbanization: ADVERTISEMENTS: Due to pressure of urbanization most of the cities are growing fast and sometimes they develop beyond the planned limits. Generally the unplanned areas of the city…
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17Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Essay on the Importance of Environmental Education

Education System
WWF-India believes that environmental education is a lifelong process that encourages exploring, raise questions, investigate issues and seek solutions to environmental and social problems.Environmental education (“EE”) refers to organised efforts to teach about how natural environments function and, particularly, how human beings can manage their behavior and ecosystems in order to live sustainably.The term is often used to imply education within the school system, from primary to post-secondary. However, it is sometimes used more broadly to include all efforts to educate the public and other audiences, including print materials, websites, media campaigns, etc. Image Source: doyourpart.com ADVERTISEMENTS: Environmental Education is a process of recognizing values and clarifying concepts in order to develop skills and added tools necessary to understand and appreciate the inter­relationship among man, his culture and his bio-physical…
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