21Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

What is the Importance of Photosynthesis in Plants? – Explained!

Development
Thus, photosynthesis (photo means light, synthesis means combination) may be defined as a biochemical process by which living cells of plants containing chlorophyll manufacture their own food (glucose and starch) using carbon dioxide and water as raw materials in the presence of sunlight. Oxygen is released as a by-product of photosynthesis.Photosynthesis is an important activity that occurs in all green plants, whether flowering or non- flowering.Photosynthesis is the only process by which solar energy is converted into chemical energy. All living beings depend on photosynthesis for two reasons one for oxygen released as a by-product, and second for food prepared by plants. Image Source: remotesensing.forestry.oregonstate.edu Significance of Photosynthesis: ADVERTISEMENTS: i. Photosynthesis provides food for all. The process of photosynthesis occurs in green plants which are the primary producers in a…
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21Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Useful Notes on “Osmoregulation” in Humans

Essays
The water and solute content of body fluids is regulated by the kidney. This function of regulation of osmotic concentration of blood by the kidney is called osmoregulation.When an animal takes in large amount of water, as in freshwater fishes, the urine passed out of the body is hypotonic (more dilute than the blood plasma).In animals like reptiles and birds that live in areas with scarce water condition, urine passed out of the body is hypertonic (more concentrated than the blood plasma). This reduces the water loss from the body. Image Source: cdn.shareyouressays.com ADVERTISEMENTS: In human beings, the kidney is extremely flexible in its working. Generally in summer when most of water is lost from the body by perspiration, the urine passed out is hypertonic. However, in winter as there…
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21Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Useful Notes on the 3 Major Parts of the Human Brain

Emotions
The Major Parts in which the Human Brain is been Divided are:i. Forebrainii. Midbrain ADVERTISEMENTS: iii. Hindbrain 1. Forebrain: It is the anterior region of the brain. It has following parts:i. Cerebrum (seat of intelligence, memory, consciousness and voluntary action)ii. Diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal gland) Image Source: cognitionemotion.files.wordpress.com Cerebrum (Cerebrum: Brain): ADVERTISEMENTS: The Cerebrum is the Main Part of Forebrain.i. Cerebrum is the largest and the most prominent part of the brain. It is divided into right and left cerebral hemispheres.i. The two hemispheres are connected by a thick band of nerve fibres called corpus callosum. Corpus callosum helps in the transfer of information from one hemisphere to another. ADVERTISEMENTS: iii. Each hemisphere is hollow internally and its walls have two regions—an outer cortex and an inner region. The outer…
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21Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Useful Notes on Cardiac Cycle of Human Heart

Events
The sequence of events, which take place during the completion of one heartbeat, is known as cardiac cycle. It involves repeated contraction and relaxation of the heart muscles. A contraction is termed systole and a relaxation is termed diastole. One complete heartbeat or cardiac cycle consists of one systole and one diastole. It lasts for about 0.8 seconds.The events that take place during the completion of one heartbeat are—the auricular systole, the ventricular systole and the joint diastole or complete cardiac diastole. Image Source: promocell.com ADVERTISEMENTS: Auricular systole: The two auricles act as a pump to force the venous blood into the ventricles.The ventricles are in diastole at this time. During auricular systole, the auricular muscles contract and the openings of venae cavae and pulmonary vein close. The tricuspid valve…
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21Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

4 Phases of Mitosis in Animal and Plant Cells

Events
Mitosis occurs in four phases namely:i. Prophaseii. Metaphase ADVERTISEMENTS: iii. Anaphaseiv. TelophaseThe various phases of mitosis are nearly similar in both animal and plant cells. For better understanding, the mitosis in animal cells is described here and wherever variation occurs, the mitosis in plant cell is also described. (I) Prophase (Gk. Pro: Before, Phasis: Stage): Image Source: upload.wikimedia.org ADVERTISEMENTS: 1. This is the first and longest phase of mitosis.2. The chromatin material undergoes condensation (becomes short and thick) and changes into thread-like structures called chromosomes.3- Each chromosome has two thread-like structures called sister chromatids, which lie close to each other and remain attached at a point called centromere.4. As prophase advances, the chromosomes become shorter and condensed (thickened). ADVERTISEMENTS: 5. In animal cells, the centrosome initiates and regulate the cell…
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21Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Useful Notes on the Mechanism of Hearing and Balance

Essays
Hearing: Pinna collects and amplifies sound waves which then pass along the auditory canal to the eardrum.i. Sound waves strike the eardrum and cause vibrations in its thin stretched membrane. The eustachian tube equalizes air pressure on either side of eardrum which allows a free vibration. ADVERTISEMENTS: ii. The vibrations reach ear ossicles in the middle ear. Ear ossicles transmit vibrations from the eardrum to the denser fluid in the inner ear.iii. The lever-like action of malleus and incus magnifies the vibrations of the stapes. Image Source: endoplasmiccurriculum.files.wordpress.comiv. The vibrating stapes transmits vibrations to the membrane of the oval window.v. Vibrations from oval window get transmitted to cochlea. This leads to vibration in the fluid of cochlear canals. ADVERTISEMENTS: vi. Vibration of fluid in cochlear canals triggers movement of sensory…
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21Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

3 Important Methods of Population Control and Family Planning in India

Health & Medicine
It is very necessary to control the overgrowing population and to educate people to accept small family norm and create awareness about population explosion and its impact on the family, society and the nation. The government has taken many measures for providing family planning guidance and support, and family welfare measures.There are various ways to prevent fertilization and hence to check the increasing population. Some of these are discussed here. 1. Education: The most effective method is to impart education to the people about various ways of fertility control. Education helps to make people aware of the advantages of a small family and the disadvantages of a large family. 2. Preventive Methods: ADVERTISEMENTS: These methods prevent pregnancy and obstruct the fusion of the egg and the sperm. Some of the…
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21Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

9 Difficulties in Applying Evolutionism in Ethics

Development
One meets the following difficulties in applying evolutionism to ethics: 1. Historical method: The first difficulty in the application of Evolutionism in Ethics arises in regard to method. The method of Evolutionary Hedonism is historical and not ethical. Evolutionary Hedonists try to explain how the human behaviour originated and how much it has contributed to the preservation of the existence of human race. Image Source: 2.bp.blogspot.com ADVERTISEMENTS: The viewpoint of Evolutionism is natural. Green’s calling it the “Natural Science of Moral Assumptions” is realistic enough. The Evolutionists explain the history of human behaviour.Its basis is cause and affects not the ideal. They search for ‘what’ hi the history of human behaviour. Their explanation of life is scientific and historical, but ethics searches for ‘what ought to be’. Its objective is…
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21Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

Importance of Antiseptic and Disinfectants to Human Being

Essays
Antiseptics reduce the possibility of infection, or putrefaction by germs.Some common antiseptics are: Antiseptic i. Methylated Spirit or Alcohol: Used to disinfect the skin before injections are given. ii. Boric Acid: ADVERTISEMENTS: Used to treat yeast infections, and also used in creams for burns. iii. Hydrogen Peroxide: Used as very dilute solution to clean wounds and ulcers. iv. Iodine: Used as a pre- and post-operative antiseptic. v. Phenol Compounds: Used as a scrub’ for pre­operative hand cleansing. Used in the form of a powder as an antiseptic baby powder. Also used in mouthwashes. vi. Sodium Chloride: ADVERTISEMENTS: Used as a general cleanser. Sodium hypochlorite, Lyzol, Benzoic acid, mercurochrome in dilute solution are also used as antiseptic. Disinfectants: Disinfectants are frequently used in hospitals, dental surgeries, kitchens and bathrooms to kill…
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21Oct 2018 by Reese Bannister

8 Important Ethics We Learn From Bhagavad Gita

Development
The Ethics of Gita is perfectionist. It arranges for and organizes the proper development of all aspects of man. In it devotion is also assimilated in knowledge and action.Extreme important is the quality of self submission (atmasamarpana) in the Gita. All sins are destroyed if man takes refuge with God after relinquishing everything. Satya is accessible only after purification to one who has faith in knowledge (IV-39). ADVERTISEMENTS: Gita has preached this same doctrine of complete self submission and devotion to God in a number of ways among the other characteristic of the Gita, the major ones are the following: (1) Synthesis of the good of society and individual: Gita’s ethics has synthesized both social and individual interests. The individual is not inconsiderable but his soul and the universal soul…
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