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Legal Provisions of Section 237 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Cr.P.C.), India.Procedure in cases instituted under Section 199 (2):The trial of cases mentioned in this section shall be in accordance with the procedure laid down in Sections 244-247, i.e. trial of warrant cases instituted otherwise than on a police report before a Court of Magistrate. The provisions of this section are designed in the public interest. ADVERTISEMENTS: The trial in such cases may be held in camera if either party so desires or the Court thinks it proper. If the case results in the discharge or acquittal of the accused, he may be granted compensation provided the Court is of the opinion that there existed no reasonable cause of making the defamatory accusation or the complaint was false or…

Legal Provisions of Section 216 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Cr.P.C.), India.Court may alter charge:The section seeks to remedy the defects in the framing or non-framing of a charge at the initial stage or at any subsequent stage of trial prior to the pronouncement of judgment. The section invests sufficient power to the Courts to alter or amend a charge whether by trial Court or by the appellate Court provided the accused is not prejudiced by such alteration or change. ADVERTISEMENTS: Alteration of charge under Section 165 A of IPC to one under Sections 161/109, IPC in respect of abetment was held not to an illegality and it could be permitted under Section 216 of the Code.Commenting on the provisions contained in Section 216 of the Code the Supreme…

Legal Provisions of Section 209 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Cr.P.C.), India.Commitment of case to Court of Session when offence is triable exclusively by it:In cases where the offence is triable exclusively by Court of Session, the Committing Magistrate has no power to discharge the accused under Section 203, nor has the power to take oral evidence except where specific provisions like Section 306 so enjoins. He is also not to launch on a process of satisfying whether the facts and material make out a prima facie case or not. ADVERTISEMENTS: His power under this section is limited merely to ascertain whether the case, as disclosed by the police report, appears to constitute an offence which is exclusively available by a Court of Session and if so, he has…

Legal Provisions of Section 171 of Indian Penal Code, 1860.Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent:This section penalises one who wears garb or carries token used by a public servant with fraudulent intent. It says that whoever, wears any garb or carries any token which has resemblance with any garb or token used by that class of public servants, even though he does not belong to that class of public servants, with the intention that it may be believed, or with the knowledge that it is likely to be believed, that he belongs to that class of public servants, shall be punished with simple or rigorous imprisonment for a term extending up to three months, or with fine extending up to two hundred rupees, or…

Legal Provisions of Section 200 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Cr.P.C.), India.Examination of complainant:The provisions of this section apply to cases when the Magistrates take cognizance of an offence on complaint under Section 190 (i) (a) of the Code. The object of examination of complainant under this section is three-fold, namely (1) to ascertain the facts constituting the offence or elucidate doubtful points therein (2) to ensure that innocent persons are not subjected to annoyance or police custody on frivolous charges, and (3) to make sure that there are substantial grounds calling for investigation and trial of the alleged charges. ADVERTISEMENTS: The Magistrate should take the cognizance of the offence first and thereafter proceed to examine the complainant and his witnesses on oath. It is only after this stage…