Experiment for Demonstrating the Process of Osmosis

Essays
Object: To demonstrate the process of osmosis. Image Source : pacificwater.com.au Requirement: One big beaker or flask, one thistle funnel, strong cane sugar solution, pure water, semipermeable membrane (cellophane), one piece of gummed paper, wax, etc. Principle: “Osmosis is a process in which water or any other solvent flows through a semipermeable membrane from a lower con­centrated solute solution to one of higher concentrated solute solu­tion”. ADVERTISEMENTS: It is simply a case of diffusion, but the movement of solvent usually causes an obvious volume change, whereas the movement of solute has a negligible effect. Procedure: Take a thistle funnel and the piece of a semiper­meable membrane is tied tightly across the button of the thistle funnel and the joint is waxed with melted wax to make it water-tight.Now fill up…
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Short Biography Jayanta Mahapatra

Strategy
If A.K. Ramanujan, R. Parthasarathy and Nissim Ezekiel, the first generation of ‘new poets’ are said to have ushered in modernism in Indian English poetry, Jayanta Mahapatra can be called the major voice among the second generation of modern poets. The Sahitya Akademi award given in 1981 for the first time to an Indian English poet, commended his poetic volume Relationship as “an outstanding contribution to Indian English literature for its awareness of the Indian heritage, evocative description, significant reflection and link­ing of personal reminiscence with race memory”.Born in 1928, in Cuttack, Mahapartra has been a late en­trant to the Indian English poetic scene. His discipline is phys­ics and he is Reader at Ravenshaw College, Cuttack. Though his poetic art bloomed as late as 1971, with his first two collections…
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Short Summary of “The Old Playhouse” by Kamala Das

Marriage
The most recurrent theme in Kamala Das’s poetry, as pointed out in the foregoing pages is love, rather the failure of love or the absence of love in a woman who strives for it in a loveless male world, for she can realize her being only through love. Like most of her poems on love and sex, this poem is characterised by an emotional intensity arising from a deep sense of betrayal, from the feeling that she has been damned to a life of imprisonment in a male-dominated world. Kamala Das has been accused of indifference to structure and syntac­tical order but in this poem one finds a conciseness and tightness of structure achieved by a network of concrete images which account for the success of the poem and also…
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Short Biography Nissim Ezekiel

Art
Nissim Ezekiel who is considered the foremost among the modern Indian poets writing in English is, like Ramanujan and Parthasarathy, an academic poet in more than one sense: He was a Professor of English in Bombay University and more importantly, he is as much an intellectual and a philosopher as a poet. His birth and background were such that while his roots were in a non-Indian, Jewish Parsi religion and culture, he grew to be an Indian both in his beliefs and world-view and devel­oped into a personality that was too complex for easy analysis.Ezekiel was born in Bombay in 1924. After his early schooling he joined Wilson College, Bombay and later went to Birkbeck College London. Though he went to England to study philosophy under C.E.M. Joad he showed…
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Summary of “Poet, Lover, Birdwatcher” by Nissim Ezekiel

Poems
“Poet, Lover, Birdwatcher”, included in the volume The Exact Name (1965) is one of the best and most beautiful of Ezekiel’s poems. The poem which shows how Ezekiel has travelled a long way since the romantic idealism of A Time to Change (1952), tells us the secrets of poetic creation.The title which is reminiscent of Shakespeare’s ‘the lunatic, the lover and the poet’ in his A Midsummer Night’s Dream, puts the poet, the lover and the birdwatcher on a level. While Shakespeare put them together because all of them were ‘of imagination compact’, Ezekiel finds another common denomi­nator in his group, namely that all the three are given to patient silent waiting and that they show the same sensitivity to experience. Image Source: file2.answcdn.com ADVERTISEMENTS: The following observation made by…
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Summary of “Goodbye Party for Miss Pushpa T.S” by Nissim Ezekiel

Career
This is one of the poems of Ezekiel which illustrate a major characteristic of the later phase of his poetic career, namely his preoccupation with Indian themes, a preoccupation to which he seems to have been led by his acceptance of the reality of the Indian situation. Included in his Hymns in Darkness, this poem was one of the eight poems which appeared in the 1970s under the group Very Indian Poems in Indian English.Though this poem is often described as a parody of or satire on Indian English illustrating the idiolectical features of the brand of English used by Gujarati speakers, as a humorous reconstruction of a particular variety of Indian English, it is actually “a satiric self-revelation of the speaker”. As Bruce King has put it, “Language reveals…
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Section 206 of Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Explained!

Essays
Legal Provisions of Section 206 of Indian Penal Code, 1860.Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution: ADVERTISEMENTS: Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as a forfeited property or in execution of a decree or order has been made an offence under this section. The section says that whoever with intention to defraud either remove, conceals, transfers or delivers to any person any property or any interest in that property, with the intention thereby to prevent the taking of that property or interest in that property as a forfeiture or in satisfaction of a fine, under a pronounced sentence, or under a sentence about which he has knowledge that it is likely to be pronounced, by either a court…
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Useful Notes on Classification of Modern Approaches to Management

Decision Making
Some modern approaches also played a significant role in the evolution of management theories. These approaches can be classified as Quantitative School of Thought, the Systems Theory and the Contingency Theory. 1. Quantitative School of Thought: Quantitative school of thought emerged during the World War II. During the war, managers, government officials and the scientists were brought together to help the army to effectively utilize resources. Using earlier mathematical approaches to the concepts advocated by F.W. Taylor and Gantt, the experts of quantitative school of thought, solved many logistic problems in the war. Image Source: cdn.siasat.com ADVERTISEMENTS: After the war, such techniques were applied by many organizations to solve their business problems. This school of thought extensively utilized statistics, optimization models, information models and computer simulations for decision making and…
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Speech on the “Commercialisation of festivals has eroded their real significance”

Dance
Most festivals have a religious origin. The original intention of holding them, therefore, was to inspire religious feelings or religiosity. This was done in various ways. Sometimes a religious procession was taken out, whose members sang and danced and played musical instruments as they went their way. Sometimes people undertook fasts to commemorate an occasion. Fairs were also held in which the life and times of the religious personage in question were highlighted.Notable figures gave uplifting speeches, and plays and dance dramas were enacted in honour of the festival’s central figure. On some occasions, special services were held in places of worship. Sometimes two or more or all these observances went together, and the cumulative effect was to inspire the individual into thoughts and acts of goodness. Another aim was…
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Section 441 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Cr.P.C.) – Explained!

Law
Legal Provisions of Section 441 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Cr.P.C.), India.Bond of accused and sureties:This section contemplates the taking of a personal bond from the accused person and a bond by one or more sureties. The bond must be duly executed under this Code. The time, date and place for appearance of the accused must be specified in the bond and an omission to mention these details would render the bond vague and therefore void. ADVERTISEMENTS: In cases where more than one accused are released on bail. Court should insist on separate bonds being executed by each of them with sureties. The section does not contemplate a composite bond being executed by the persons released on bail or by their sureties.The sufficiency of sureties at the time of…
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