Category: Business

India has one of the largest road networks in the world, aggregating to about 4.42 million kilometres at present. Roads have been existing in India for the last 5000 years and are the indigenous means of communication. The roads construction and development were the priority of Sultanate and Mughal period. One of the major roads constructed during Sher Shah Suri was from Peshawar to Kolkata. Image Source: smartercitieschallenge.files.wordpress.comIt was named as Grand Trunk (GT) Road and joined Amritsar with Kolkata after partition. Presently it is known as Sher Shah Suri Marg. The roads are of two types according to their strength and make up: surfaced and unsurfaced. The best roads are the surfaced roads also called the metalled roads. India has one of the largest road networks in |the world.…

MBO is an integrated sequential process. It has sequences of activities as a process. This process comprises the following steps:1. First of all objectives must be set, which the organization has to attain. The top management must be aware of the objectives. These objectives can be set for any period but they should be, as far as, possible, long term objectives. Image Source: tisquirrel.files.wordpress.com ADVERTISEMENTS: 2. The organizational objectives are achieved through individuals. Therefore subordinate objectives must be set at the lower levels of management. Each individual must know in advance what he is expected to achieve.Determination of individual objectives is based on the organization purpose, managerial philosophy, organizational resource and environmental opportunities and constraints. A superior’s responsibility in setting objectives for his subordinates is to state objective in terms…

Beggary has been a great public nuisance. The State Governments notably that of Bombay, has taken a major stride forward in tackling the problem of beggary. The Beggar Homes are very well managed. Image Source: m2.behance.netAn attempt is also made to distinguish between the professional able bodied beggars and the diseased and handicapped beggars who have taken to beggary in the absence of a suitable avenue of employment. ADVERTISEMENTS: The Criminal Procedure Code treats vagrants and vagabonds alike and provides penalties under sections 55(l)(b) and 109 (b). Beggary within railway premises was prohibited by law on Feb. 15, 1941.Special Acts have been passed by most of the States to prohibit begging in public places. In others, the municipal and public acts provide measures against begging. To deal effectively with persons…

Legal provisions regarding procedure when corporation or registered society is an accused under section 305 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973.(1) In Section 305 which deals with the procedure when corporation is an accused, corporation means an incorporated company or other body corporate, and includes a society registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860. Image Source: sanjosebusinesslawyersblog.com ADVERTISEMENTS: (2) Where a corporation is the accused person or one of the accused persons in an inquiry or trial, it may appoint a representative for the purpose of the inquiry or trial and such appointment need not be under the seal of the corporation.(3) Where a representative of a corporation appears, any requirement of the Code of Criminal Procedure that anything shall be done in the presence of the accused or…

Essay on Zero Based Budgeting (ZBB)Like performance or programme budgeting, Zero base budgeting is also “rational” budgeting. Like Management by Objectives (MBO) it is a transplant from the private sector which has so far been, confined to the United States. Image Source: momonaplan.com ADVERTISEMENTS: Zero Base Budgeting (ZBB) is an emerging process, adopted’ by a variety of industrial organizations as well as state and municipal governments in U.S.A. ZBB was developed at Texas Instruments Inc. during 1969.The process was first adopted in government by Governor Jimmy Carter (who later become President of the United States) of Georgia for the preparation of the fiscal 1973 budget.In India the Union Finance Minister V.P. Singh told a Parliamentary Consultative Committee that the government would be introducing zero-based budgeting at first in a small…