Category: Management

1. The multi-crore project about the Ganga Action Plan came (A) 1905(b) 1955 ADVERTISEMENTS: (c) 1985(d) 1995. Image Source: naturalresources.house.gov2. The Ganga runs from Gangotri through a hundred towns and cities in ADVERTISEMENTS: (a) Uttar Pradesh(b) Uttar Pradesh and Bihar(c) Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal(d) Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Haryana ADVERTISEMENTS: 3. Water pollution can be identified by testing its (a) PH level(b) Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)(c) Both (a) and (b)(d) None of these. 4. The three R’s to save the environment are (a) Reserve, Reduce, Recycle(b) Reuse, Reserve, Reduce(c) Reserve, Reuse, Reduce(d) Reduce, Recycle, Reuse.5. Why should we conserve biodiversity? Because (a) We should preserve the biodiversity we have inherited(b) A loss of diversity may lead to a loss of ecological stability(c) Both (a) and (b)(d) None…

Beside scale effect, a firm can also reduce average cost of production by increasing the number of related products in its portfolio. That is, a multiproduct firm may produce and market its products at a lower cost than manufacturing each of the products separately by different single- product firms. This advantage is called economies of scope. Image Source: globalhealthhub.orgLet x and y represent output of two different but related products. C (Q, 0) denotes total cost associated with production of QX quantity of x alone and C (0, QY) stands for total cost of producing QY quantity of y alone. C (QX, QY) represents total cost of producing QX quantity of x and QY quantity of y by one firm. Mathematically, an economy of scope exists in a two-product firm…

4 Types of Coordination in Organizations are as follows:i. Vertical Coordinationii. Horizontal Coordination ADVERTISEMENTS: iii. Internal Coordinationiv. External Coordination Image Source: wexlerlawgroup.com i. Vertical Coordination: Vertical coordination is the coordination between different levels of the organization to ensure that all levels of organization are in harmony with the organizational policies and programmes. This is achieved through delegation of authority by directing and by controlling. ii. Horizontal Coordination: ADVERTISEMENTS: Horizontal coordination is the coordination between departments on the same level of managerial hierarchy. Coordination between production and marketing departments at the same level or organizational hierarchy is an example of horizontal coordination. This is achieved by forming cross-functional teams and self-managed teams. iii. Internal Coordination: Vertical and horizontal types of coordination, if carried out within an organization, are called internal coordination.…

The Guide is the most popular novel of R.K. Narayan. It was published in 1958, and won the Sahitya Akademy Award for 1960. It has also been filmed and the film has always drawn packed-houses.It recounts the adventures of a railway guide, popularly known as ‘Railway Raju’. As a tourist guide he is widely popular. It is this profession which brings him in contact with Marco and his beautiful wife, Rosie. While the husband is busy with his archaeological studies, Raju seduces his wife and has a good time with her. Ultimately Marco comes to know of her affair with Raju and goes away to Madras leaving Rosie behind. Rosie comes and stays with Raju in his one-room house. His mother tolerates her for some time, but when things become…

Even though planning is an all-pervasive and a primary function of management, planning is subject to certain limitations. Without proper understanding of such limitations, planning may result into futile exercise. Image Source: stlouis-mo.govWe have listed some limitations of planning, understanding of which may improve the efficiency of planning. 1. Planning Premises May Be Wrong: ADVERTISEMENTS: Planning premises are the basis and framework for decisions. Understanding the planning premises with absolute accuracy is not possible. Hence, there always exists some margin of error, which obviously vitiates the plans. Difficulty in assessing the premises for planning is, therefore, the most important limitation. 2. Rapidity of Change: Every organization operates under certain internal and external environment. Environment cannot always be stable. Extent of change in internal and external environment, therefore, creates a situation…

Corporate form of organization with separation of ownership from management, growing complexities in managing the activities of organization, development of organized body of systematic knowledge of management are essential factors which are responsible for raising management to the status of a distinct profession. A field is normally characterized as profession when the following special features are present in it:(i) Systematic body of knowledge(ii) Need for learning and proper organization ADVERTISEMENTS: (iii) Entry restricted on the basis of examination or education(iv) Dominance of service motive over profit motiveExcept for restricted entry, management qualifies all other tests of a profession. It is now backed by a systematic body of knowledge. A number of management principles have been developed which need proper learning and education. Besides, in a number of countries management institutes,…

Method Statement for Block Works in a Quality Management System are given below: 1. Scope: The intention of this document is to describe the various steps involved to be carried out to execute the Block works to meet the requirements of Specifications. Image Source: ufatum.com 2. Relevant Process/Specifications: ADVERTISEMENTS: Tender Specifications 3. Plants & Equipments: Masonry equipments, scaffoldings with platform, plumb bob, straight edge, mobile mechanical mixer, and measurement boxes. 4. Procedure: Prior to the commencement of all construction activities, necessary work permits shall be obtained.All materials identified for the permanent works shall be approved by the Company, prior to the procurement. ADVERTISEMENTS: All HSE activities related to the Project, will be based on the Company issued HSE Management System Guidelines.All quality assurance and quality control activities will be in…

20 Questions with Answers and Explanations on “Wildlife & Conservation” for Biology Students:1. The most important human activity, leading to the extinction of wildlife, is (a) pollution of air and water Image Source: wildbabyrescue.org ADVERTISEMENTS: (b) hunting for valuable wildlife products(c) introduction of alien species(d) alteration and destruction of the natural habitats. ADVERTISEMENTS: Answer and Explanation:1. (d): Wildlife includes all those naturally occurring plant and animal species which are neither cultivated, or domesticated nor tamed. Several hundred organisms are endangered or on the verge of extinction. The reasons are deforestation, pollution, killing, over exploitation etc. The most important among them is deforestation or destruction of their natural habitat because it will affect the species (flora and fauna) of complete area and not only the few organisms.The natural habitat may be…

The Shebait or manager of a temple is the administrator of the properties attached to it, as regards which he is in the position of the trustee. As regard the service of the temple and the duties appertaining to it, his position is that of the holder of an office of dignity.Shebaitship involves two ideas: (i) the ministrant of the deity, and (ii) its manager. It is an office to which certain rights are attached. A Shebait has no legal property in the debutter; it vests in the idol. He has only the title of the manager, and as such, he is entitled to the custody of the idol and its property. Offerings made to an idol belong to (i) the temple, where they are of a permanent character, and…

The following are the fourteen main rights of a coparcener: 1. Community of interest and unity of possession: No coparcener is entitled to exclusive possession of any part of the coparcenary property; nor is any coparcener entitled to any special interest in such property. Image Source: i.ytimg.com ADVERTISEMENTS: As observed by the Privy Council in Katama Natchairv. Rajah of Shivagunga (1893 9 M.I.A. 539), “there is community of interest and unity of possession between all the members of the family”. 2. Share of Income: A member of a joint family cannot, at any given moment, predicate what his share in the joint family property is. Such a share becomes defined only when a partition takes place. The reason is that his share is a fluctuating one, which is liable to…