Category: Industry

Essay on Backward Classes Movement in India – The Backward Classes Movement started in India in the early part of the 20th century. When the British introduced here English medium schools and colleges and the Western education, the upper castes like the Brahmins made use of them. As a result, they could easily get the jobs in the government services and increase their prestige.This further increased the cultural, social, and eco­nomic distance between them and the lower castes. Now the lower castes became more conscious of this situation. As M.N. Srinivas has said the lower castes realised that mere Sanskritisation was not enough. It did not provide them much scope for social mobility.They became more determined to obtain Western education in order to qualify themselves for the new jobs in…

The object of granting a patent is to encourage and develop new technology and industry. The theory upon which the patent system is based is that the opportunity of acquiring exclusive rights in an invention stimulates technical progress in four ways:(i) that it encourages research and invention,(ii) in induces an inventor to disclose his discoveries instead of keeping them as a trade secret; ADVERTISEMENTS: (iii) it offers a reward for the expenses of developing inventions to the stage at which they are commercially practicable, and(iv) it provides an inducement to invest capital in new lines of production which might not appear profitable if many competing producers embarked on them simultaneously. Image Source: patentlawcenter.pli.eduThe object of granting a patent is to encourage and develop new technology and industry. An inventor may…

Essay on Education and Modernisation – Education has become today an essential aspect of the modern industrial society. It is more regarded as an agent of social change than an instrument of social control. It has become increas­ingly secular.All the nations of the world are investing huge amount of money on education for it has become an essential condition of advancement.Education, modernisation, advancement in science, technology and industry normally go to­gether. Formal professional education has become an absolute necessity today. Education is needed just to read, write and do simple calculations but, it is essential to earn one’s living. It is the main source of supply of trained and technical persons to industry. The job that one gets today depends largely on the type of education that one has secured.…

Essay on Cooperation – Kind of Social Interaction – ‘Cooperation’ is one of most basic, pervasive and continuous, social processes. It is the very basis of social existence. Cooperation generally means working together for the pursuit of a com­mon goal.The term ‘Cooperation’ is derived from the two Latin words: ‘Co’ meaning together and ‘opera meaning to work. Literally, cooperation means joint work or working together for common rewards.Definition: ADVERTISEMENTS: 1. Merrill and Eldredge: ‘Cooperation is a form of social interaction wherein two or more persons work together to gain a common end.’ Image Source: lenfisherscience.com2. A. W. Green: ADVERTISEMENTS: ‘Cooperation is the continuous and common endeavour of two or more persons to perform a task or to reach a goal that is commonly cherished.’3. Fairchild:‘Cooperation is the process by which…

In India, the Trademark law is governed by Indian Trademark Act, 1999. Trademark is basically a sign or mark by which the trader or manufacturer or service provider distinguishes his goods or services from that of others.Trademark is like a property which is entitled to protection under law. Thus me law which defines the right of trademark holder and which protects his rights from being infringed is Trademark law.The law pertaining to trademark has a long and vast history of more than two hundred years. The first Act concerning trademark was established in the year 1883 in England. However due to some loopholes it was repealed by the Trademarks Act of 1905. Image Source: thompsonhall1.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com ADVERTISEMENTS: The 1905 Act contained major portion of 1883 Act. The 1905 Act was further…

There are people who smoke and people who do not. It is in public places that individuals from these groups inevitably meet and are forced to interact.And in such places, whose will is to prevail-a smoker’s or the non-smoker’s considering the matter objectively from the angles of environment, health, as well as individual rights, it is the non smoker’s will that should prevail.It is impractical to ascertain the wishes of each non-smoker in a public place before a smoker indulges in a puff. Smoking in public places, in other words should be banned. ADVERTISEMENTS: Smoke-the very word conjures up a foul unhealthy, suffocating, polluted environment with dark clouds of gases suffused everywhere.How then, can smoking or rather puffing away smoke to create such a defiled environment be permitted in public…

The leaders who achieved independence for India spent long years in jail many a politician today ought to justify in jail. The former were imprisoned for fighting a just cause against an alien rule, the latter are no better than common criminal’s patty thieves, gangsters, murderers and rapists. For politics today has become not the last but first resort of the scoundrel.An important reason for the criminalisation of politics is very system of power that operates in India.The state in India wields a great amount of discretionary power. Also there is little transparency in the exercise of power by the State. With the assumption of so much power, the scope for misusing that power also increases. ADVERTISEMENTS: The economy of India was till recently and to some extent even now…

The year 1857 marked the completion of 100 years of British rule. Lord Dalhousie’s regime (1849-56) marked the high watermark of the expansion of British domination in India when he implemented the Doctrine of Lapse which postulated that Indian states having no natural heir would be annexed to the Empire. Doctrine of Lapse is also known as Law of Escheat. The states annexed to the empire by the application of this doctrine were Satara (1848), Sambalpur (1850), Jhansi (1853), Jaipur (1849), Bengal (1850) and Awadh (1856). Nana Sahib’s pension was discontinued and the adopted son of the Rani of Jhansi was deprived of his right to rule in violation of the recognised Hindu Laws. ADVERTISEMENTS: The Rani had tried everything to reverse the decision. She even offered to keep Jhansi…

Computer engineering is a relatively new field of engineering and is one of the fastest growing fields today. Computer engineering is one of today’s most technologically based jobs.The field of computer engineering combines the knowledge of electrical engineering and computer science to create advanced computer systems. Computer engineering involves the process of designing and manufacturing computer central processors, memory systems, central processing units, and of peripheral devices.Computer engineers work with CAD(computer aided design) programs and different computer languages so they can create and program computer systems. ADVERTISEMENTS: Computer engineers use today’s best technology to create tomorrow’s. Computer engineers require a high level of training and intelligence to be skilled at their job. A bachelors degree from a college or university with a good computer engineering program computer science program is…

At the Wallops Flight Facility at Wallops Island in East Coast, Virginia, USA, the base for NASA’s sound rocketing programme, a visitor from India spotted a painting displayed prominently in the reception lobby, depicting a battle scene with a few rockets flying in the background. The visitor’s curiosity was kindled when he saw that the soldiers launching the rocket were not white-skinned, but dark with racial features distinctly Indian. It soon turned out that Tipu Sultan’s army was fighting the British with rockets. ADVERTISEMENTS: When the ruler of Mysore was killed in the battle of Turukhanahally in 1799, the British seized more than 700 rockets and subsystems of 900 rockets. Tipu’s army had 27 brigades, called Kushoons, and each brigade had a company of rocket men, called Jourks. These rockets…