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The National Flood Control Policy comprises three phases:(i) Immediate phase extends over two years and comprises collection of basic hydrological data, construction of embankments, urgent repairs, improvement of river channels and raising of villages above flood levels. Image Source: climatetechwiki.org ADVERTISEMENTS: (ii) Short-term phase concerns the next four to five years. It consists of improving surface drainage, establishing proper flood warning system, shifting or raising of villages over flood level, construction of channel diversions, more embankments and construction of raised platforms for use in times of flood emergency.(iii) Long-term phase envisages schemes such as construction of dams or storage reservoirs for flood protection and soil conservation in the catchment of various rivers, detention basins, and digging large channel diversions.Under the National Flood Control Programme, launched in 1954, protection measures have…

A landslide is the rapid sliding of large masses of bed rocks or regoliths. Whenever mountain slopes are steep there is a possibility of large disastrous landslide. Landslides are triggered by earthquakes or sudden rock failures. They can also result when the base of a slope is over steepened by excavation or river erosion. Image Source: kshitija.files.wordpress.comSevere earthquakes in mountainous regions are a major cause of landslides. In the Himalayas, the Western Ghats, and along the river valleys landslides are a common feature. Natural removal of soil and rock from slopes is known as mass wasting. Landslide as a hazard has long been recognised by the people living in the mountains. It becomes specially dangerous when there is heavy rainfall or snowfall on the slip and break. ADVERTISEMENTS: The extent…